Western Front
5 German divisions sent from Western Front to Eastern Front during July. Joffre summons Foch to get him to persuade (vainly) Haig to launch broad-front attacks.
8 airships attempting to bomb Great Britain are dispersed by unpredicted winds, 103 bombs (another source says ‘about 60’) scattered over 6 counties (no casualties), Kent-Notts (night July 31 – August 1).
11 Anglo-German air combats.
Battle of the Somme: German casualties since July 1; 160,000 (a highly suspect number, accounting according to mainly British Intelligence) including in at least 67 counter-attacks; BEF 196,081 (158,786 on Somme) worst month of war; French casualties 49,859.
Battle of Verdun: French casualties 31,000; German 25,969 casualties (again, highly suspect, but probably closer to actual number; accounting according to mainly French Intelligence) during July.
Eastern Front
Brusilov Offensive:
Galicia: Russian troops continue their advance from the Stokhid River line towards Kovel.
Russians north of Dniester have crossed Koropyets River.
Southern Front
In the Astico Valley (Trentino) Austrian attack on positions of Monte Cimone repulsed.
South-west of Castelletto, Austrian attack repulsed by Italians.
In the Travignolo valley, Italians occupy Paneveggio.
Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
The pursuit of the Turks from Erzingan (Armenia) continues in the face of a stubborn defence.
Arab Revolt: The port town of Yanbu on the Red Sea and the Ottoman fort falls to rebels as the Arab revolt grows in power.
Naval and Overseas Operations
South African troops take Saranda and Kilmatinde on Central Railway. By July sick ratio to battle casualties 31.4:1; Smuts 200 doctors short.
Political, etc.
United Kingdom: British War Office film, “Home on Leave”:
http://film.iwmcollections.org.uk/record/index/45147
Premier Asquith promises reprisals for the death of Charles Fryatt.
Mr. H. E. Duke becomes Chief Secretary for Ireland.
United States: Near Fort Hancock, Texas, two Americans are killed and one wounded in clash with Mexican bandits who crossed the border.
Charles E. Hughes, former Supreme Court Justice & Gov. of New York, formally begins campaigning for President as the Republican nominee.
China: Supporters of the Kuomintang riot in Hankou, China, demanding a greater representation in the country’s future.