Western Front
Battle of the Somme: Haig chides Rawlinson for failing to take Guillemont. German counter-attacks at Guillemont repulsed on August 23.
Germans gain a footing in trenches held by French south of Estrees (southern Somme).
Heavy aerial fighting on Somme front.

Eastern Front
Galicia: Turkish 19th (arrived August 13) and 20th Divisions (Gallipoli veterans) take over 12-mile sector between Suedarmee German divisions.
Russians gain heights south of Jablonica Pass (Carpathians).
German attack with gas south-east of Vilna, repulsed.

Southern Front
Italian successes in Dolomites (and on August 24).
Julius Arigi & Johann Lasi of the Austro-Hungarian air force become the 1st “ace in a day” by shooting down 5 Italian aircraft today.
Macedonia: Bulgarian First Army storms Serb ridge west of lake Ostrovo five times only to be thrown off; take only one position on August 23. British lorries bring up Serb reinforcements.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Armenia: Russian offensive west of Lake Van.

Naval and Overseas Operations
North Sea: British submarine HMS E-16 is sunk by a mine in Heligoland Blight with the loss of all hands.
Kilosa (German East Africa) taken by British forces. Germans fall back on Morogoro.

Political, etc.
United Kingdom: Mr. Lloyd George in the House of Commons gives survey of military situation; announces 35 Zeppelins destroyed by Allies.
Romania: German correspondent in Bucharest, Romania reports the city has become “grave,” as the “country is getting ready for war.”

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On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.