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  #841  
Old 04-11-2018, 08:04 AM
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11 April 1918

Western Front
Kaiserschlacht: Unternehmung Georgette
, known in the west as Battles of the Lys or the German Lys Offensive: Battle of Éstaires (9th/11th): Battle of Messines 1918 (10th/11th): Armentières and Merville taken by German forces (see October 11th and 17th, 1914, August 19th and October 3rd, 1918).
The ruined streets of Armentières: © IWM (Q 61031): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...748976062156800
Fighting general on whole battle-front.
British forced back beyond Ploegsteert and Steenwercke to south of Neuve Eglise and Bailleul. At Hollebeke and Messines attacks repulsed. Strong local attacks repulsed south of Arras. British 25th Division loses Hill 63.
Germans claim 20,000 prisoners in Northern fighting.
Haig’s ‘Backs to the Wall’ Order of the Day: ‘… there is no other course than to fight it out… with our backs to the wall… each one of us must fight on to the end.
German tank crew sit astride a captured British tank Mark IV following the occupation of Armentieres: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...l1918.jpg?ssl=1
German prisoners captured by the British near Bethune, France: © IWM (Q 10883): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...394145531318272
Wounded Highlander troops coming back from the trenches at Bethune: © IWM (Q 355): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...687316471500800
The Royal Air Force Marine Craft Section is formed, with personnel from the Section initially tasked with operating support vessels that have transferred to the Royal Air Force (RAF) from the Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS).
US I Corps Observation Squadron flies first mission over German lines. 94th Aero Pursuit Squadrons first successful patrol destroys 2 German aircraft on April 14, pilots PoWs.
Single Gotha bomber drops 1,543 lb bomb on Paris (99 casualties).
Only 4 of 7 Handley Pages bomb near Zeebrugge area (2 lost).
A Gordon Highlander soldier feeding a French refugee child fleeing from the German offensive near Locon: © IWM (Q 7855): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...717524922621952
First American reinforcements arrive in the area of fighting during Operation Georgette.
French children in Soulosse waving at American soldiers heading towards the front: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...732635800399873
Damage to a maternity ward at Baudelocque Hospital in Paris after it was hit by long-range German artillery fire: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...020762708398080
American Army band performing a concert at Boucq, France: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...050970253578240

Naval and Overseas Operations
British naval forces bombard Ostend and aircraft bomb Zeebrugge.
Mediterranean: Marseilles-bound British transport Kingstonian (9 lives lost) sunk by U-boat.
North Sea: Dover Patrol shells Ostend and its aircraft bomb Zeebrugge. Dover Barrage claims coastal submarine UB-33.
Baltic: German battleships Westfalen and Posen arrive off Helsinki from Reval, but sister ship Rheinland crippled by rocks off Lagskar (600t including all guns removed before refloated for return to Kiel but not repaired).
Irish Sea: American S.S. Lakemoor sunk by submarine.
Mozambique: British columns from coast and Lake Nyassa in touch with German-aligned forces at Medu and Msalu river.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine
: Action of Berukin (until April 11): Turks attack near El Ghoraniya (East Jordan): defeated and pursued by cavalry six miles towards Es Salt. Arab regulars storm stations north and south of Maan and hill to southwest until April 13, take but fail to hold Maan Station on April 16; 327 PoWs and 3 MGs taken.

Political, etc
France
: Major-General Hon. C. Sackville-West succeeds Sir Henry Rawlinson (who goes to the front) at Versailles.
United Kingdom: Report issued of Government Committee on treatment of prisoners of war behind lines.
Netherlands: Food riots in Holland.
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  #842  
Old 04-12-2018, 06:52 AM
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12 April 1918

Western Front
Kaiserschlacht: Unternehmung Georgette
, known in the west as Battles of the Lys or the German Lys Offensive: Battle of Hazebrouck begins (see 15th). Strong German pressure, especially at Bailleul and Wulverghem; Neuve Eglise and Messines penetrated. 4 British division defend Nieppe Forest. BEF First Army defends Hinges Ridge north of Bethune. Kaiser arrives at Armentieres, anticipating victory. German offensive slackens 6 miles from Hazebrouck (until April 16) although Merville falls. British 5th Division arrives from Italy and 1st Australian Division comes up.
Tank wrecks on the battlefield. The funnel fields of the previous Flanders battles are a major obstacle to the advance: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...aende.jpg?ssl=1
Over 170 RAF planes attack at Merville junction on river Lys for 13 hours, lose 10 planes for 5 German and 5 German balloons. Little German air support for advance till April 25 but German fighters check RAF from April 13.
Map showing German advance (dotted line): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...126460490330112
British artillery setting up to defend a canal bridge at Saint-Venant from the German offensive: © IWM (Q 6611): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...347922610511877
Argonne: In Apremont Forest Franco-Americans repulse continued attacks.
110 German Divisions engaged till now.
Air raid on Paris, one raider shot down at Compiegne.
Last airship raid over England in which British casualties were inflicted (see January 19th, 1915 and August 5th, 1918). 5 Navy airships scatter 33,340lb-worth bombs across Western Midlands and Northern England (night April 12-13, 27 casualties). L-61 (Ehrlich) bombs Wigan (claims attack on Sheffield). 27 defence sorties (5 sightings) cost 3 aircraft.
Following a dispute with Lord Rothermere, Major General Hugh Trenchard resigns from the post of Chief of the Air Staff and is succeeded by Major General Sir Frederick Sykes.
Captain H Woollett RAF in a Sopwith Camel claims 6 victories.
British troops helping French refugees escape the German offensive at Lillers: © IWM (Q 10892): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...081159373119488
A British tank captured by the Germans on the Western Front: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...111363814543361

Southern Front
Sir Herbert Plumer's despatch from Italy published.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Adriatic
: Austrian raid on Otranto Barrage (until April 13).
North Sea: Grand Fleet base moved from Scapa Flow to Rosyth for duration of war.
Mozambique: Action at Medo; Kartucol and Rosecol (over 155 casualties) join after former’s flanking move ambushed in swamp by Captain Kohl’s 800 Germans, 12 MGs and 1 gun; 7 hours fighting before Kohl retreats from Chirimba Hill. Rosecol resumes advance on Mwalia on April 15, skirmishes (28 casualties) with German rearguard on April 17.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine
: Colonel Sir Ronald Storrs, the Military Governor of Jerusalem, and the men of the 1st Egyptian Infantry Battalion at the Mosque of Omar: © IWM (Q 12651): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...378136925294593

Political, etc
Germany
: Food Dictator says that no satisfactory solution of economic situation can be expected.
United Kingdom: Manpower Bill: Military service for Ireland agreed to by majority of 165.
Netherlands: Food riots quelled by troops.
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  #843  
Old 04-13-2018, 09:09 AM
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13 April 1918

Western Front
Kaiserschlacht: Unternehmung Georgette
, known in the west as Battles of the Lys or the German Lys Offensive: Battle of Hazebrouck (see 15th). Battle of Bailleul begins (see 15th): British re-occupy Neuve Eglise and repel further attack, but loses it on April 14 again.
Germans gain less than 1/2 mile vs British 34th and 59th Divisons. Ludendorff sacks II Bavarian Corps commander.
Continuous fighting round Wulverghem, Bailleul and Meteren, and at Festubert. Lys river front remains firm.
British soldiers at an improvised field kitchen. There is a lot of discouragement among British troops and desertions are coming. A Brit reported: ‘It is not the bar to get in the doubt that the Germans will take the channel ports’: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...ueche.jpg?ssl=1
Along the Meuse river, Americans north-west of Toul are twice attacked.
Long-range gun shells Paris by night.
German bombers raid Paris, causing around 100 casualties. Aftermath of the raid: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...710325936238593
Zeppelin Works near Friedrichshafen burnt out.
Portuguese soldiers heading to the front near Merville: © IWM (Q 360): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...438579622490113
British and Portuguese troops digging a trench through the town of Noeux-les-Mines, France: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...740532743229442

Eastern Front
Finish Civil War
: Helsingfors captured by German forces (12th/14th) (see 3rd and 4th). Finnish Government announce that all German troops landed in Finland had been dispatched at their request.
Germans take Helsinki for 200 casualties, German troops in the city: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...408351751712768
White Western Army occupies Pori and its railway with Rauma on April 17.
Kuban: White Volunteer Army repulsed from Ekaterinodar, Lavr Kornilov killed by Bolshevik shell: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...773228588609536 . Anton Denikin succeeds and orders retreat north back to Don.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Sir A. A. Barrett's Gazette on Mahsud operations of 1917 published.
Palestine: Colonel Sir Ronald Storrs, the Military Governor of Jerusalem, and the men of the 1st Egyptian Infantry Battalion at the Mosque of Omar: © IWM (Q 12651): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...378136925294593
Armenia: Turks occupy Batum.

Political, etc
Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania
: United Diets of Baltic Provinces adopt resolution to form themselves into a separate State within the German Empire.
Ireland: Irish Convention Report published.
South Africa: Mr. Hertzog's “seditious” speech, demanding separation.
Turkey: Transcaucasian Council break off peace negotiations with Turks.
Serbia: National Assembly of Yugo-Slavs, Croats and Slovenes at Agram take oath of solidarity.
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  #844  
Old 04-14-2018, 05:59 AM
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14 April 1918

Western Front
Kaiserschlacht: Unternehmung Georgette
, known in the west as Battles of the Lys or the German Lys Offensive: Battle of Hazebrouck (see 15th). Battle of Bailleul (see 15th): Seven attacks in Merville sector repulsed. Near Bailleul, British line penetrated, but position restored. East of Robecq, British take prisoners and machine guns. Neuve Eglise is re-taken by the Germans.
General Foch appointed Commander-in-Chief of Allied Armies in France [The Belgian forces were not placed under the command of General Foch.] (see March 26th, August 6th, and November 5th)
Marshal Ferdinand Foch (1851-1929) is a deliberate organizer and diplomat and can overcome the national self-interests of the Allied nations: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...-Foch.jpg?ssl=1
French refugees on the road at Noeux-les-Mines: © IWM (Q 10899): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...803427346722817
British machine gunners setting up to defend a bridge crossing of the Lys Canal at Marquois: © IWM (Q 6612): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...863822757363714

Eastern Front
Finish Civil War
: Captured Red forces in Helsinki: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...848722386456580

Southern Front
Salonika
: Anglo-Greek operations across the Struma temporarily occupying 7 villages (night April 14/15 until April 20) but, due to poor reconnaissance, Bulgarians nearly cut off a British battalion (most of 349 casualties) and Greeks lose half 33 casualties to own premature grenades; Bulgarians claim 150 British PoWs with 3 MGs.

Naval and Overseas Operations
North Sea
: U-151 (Heinrich von Nostitz) leaves Kiel for US Eastern Seaboard. She re-enters Kiel on July 20, claiming 23 ships sunk of 61,000t (+ 4 mine victims). In all, big U-cruisers carry out 7 transatlantic summer cruises but fail to sink one loaded transport.

Political, etc
Austria-Hungary
: Foreign Minister Count Ottokar von Czernin resigns, Count Stephan Burián von Rajecz again in post on April 16.
France: M. Georges Clemenceau issues statement that France does not recognize present Russian Government nor its acts.
United States: U.S. removes the statue of Frederick the Great, a gift from Kaiser Wilhelm, from the front of the Army War College in D.C. after two bombing attempts were made by angry Americans.
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  #845  
Old 04-15-2018, 09:55 AM
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15 April 1918

Western Front
Kaiserschlacht: Unternehmung Georgette
, known in the west as Battles of the Lys or the German Lys Offensive: Battle of Hazebrouck ends. Battle of Bailleul ends: Bailleul taken by the Alpenkorps together with 2 other divisions. Germans capture Wulverghem. Herbert Plumer evacuates 5 divisons from Passchendaele Ridge. Robillot’s French II Cavalry Corps (3 divisions) arrives near Cassel, 5 infantry divisions follow April 17-18.
Very violent artillery action in Luce Valley (Somme).
(Listed for yeterday): American forces conduct their first dogfight over the Western Front, with (future ace) Douglas Campbell and Alan Winslow shooting down 2 German planes.
French cavalry and armored cars heading towards the front near Hesdin: © IWM (Q 378): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...135607134420993
A member of the British Royal Flying Corps shakes hands with a French cavalryman at Hesdin: © IWM (Q 376): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...226201705926657
American signalers writing messages to be sent by carrier pigeons while facing German fire near Larne: © IWM (Q 58208): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...422491635142656
British horse-drawn artillery passing by French armored cars near Caestre: © IWM (Q 8804): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...453947631661062

Southern Front
Macedonia:
Greek troops cross Struma river and occupy villages in Seres district.
British troops take two villages south-west of Demirhissar.

Naval and Overseas Operations
North Sea
: Raid by British naval light forces on the Kattegat. British Naval forces claim that they sank ten German armed trawlers, but this is utterly unverified.
2 Royal Navy minelayers lay deep minefield 10 miles northeast of Laeso.
Adriatic: Admiral Miklos Horthy orders increased security at Pola. Allies begin to lay net barrage from Fano to Otranto (until September 30).

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine
: Archibald Wavell made Brigade-General and CoS of XX Corps.

Political, etc
Austria-Hungary
: Details of Count von Czernin's resignation as Foreign Minister of Austria-Hungary over the Sixtus Affair. In the scandal, it was revealed Emperor Karl I attempted to make a separate peace with France by promising to return Alsace-Lorraine. Von Czernin: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...514351590289408
United Kingdom: Major General Hugh Trenchard’s resignation from the post of Chief of the Air Staff becomes effective; he is succeeded by Major General Sir Frederick Sykes.
British government reports 1.413 million women have replaced jobs formerly held by men in industrial, professional and civil service positions.
United States: Charlie Chaplin film “A Dog’s Life” is released: https://archive.org/details/ADogsLi...echargement.com
American opera singer Geraldine Farrar gives a performance with her dog to sell Liberty Bonds in New York for the war effort: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...484144078618624
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  #846  
Old 04-16-2018, 09:54 AM
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16 April 1918

Western Front
Kaiserschlacht: Unternehmung Georgette
, known in the west as Battles of the Lys or the German Lys Offensive: Passchendaele reoccupied by German forces (see November 6th, 1917 and September 29th, 1918). Heavy attacks develop at Wytschaete and south-west of Vieux Berquin, with record c.1,000 ΝΖ PoWs.
British soldiers making a street barricade out of furniture at Bailleul, France to defend against the German offensive. The town fell a few hours later: © IWM (Q 6530): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...544552705679361
Wytschaete and Metern lost and retaken. Attacks near Bailleul repulsed. Heavy fighting in Boyelles district, south of Arras.
French troops and an armored car at Meteren: © IWM (Q 6640): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...822627318165504
British officers treating a wounded soldier at Meteren: © IWM (Q 6542): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...852831797268481
Sir Douglas Haig issues special dispatch "The 55th Division at Givenchy", praising its gallantry.
Open warfare breaks out on the Western Front for the first time since 1914. Here, German howitzers advance: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...hrung.jpg?ssl=1
American Red Cross Hospital in Evian housing sick refugee children who fled the Germans: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...574749404266497
France calls on its class of 1919 (men 19 years old) to report for military training. New French conscripts: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...883037564104706

Eastern Front
Kuban
: Renewed fighting between Soviet troops and those of General Anton Denikin.

Political, etc
Austria-Hungary
: A claim that Dr. Sandor Wekerle (Prime Minister of Hungary) resigns; but other sources state that he remained in office until October.
Ukraine: The Ukraine Government issue protest against union of Bessarabia and Rumania (see 9th and 23rd).
France: (special, 1912): American Harriet Quimby became the first woman to fly across the English Channel.
United Kingdom: Military Service Bill passes House of Commons; majority 198.
Romania: League of the People Party formed at Jassy, General Alexandru Averescu leader.
United States: Mr. Charles Schwab appointed Director-General of U.S. Shipbuilding (4 Εast Coast shipping firms taken ονer on April 11).
Netherlands: Dutch Government decides to send convoy to East Indies.
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  #847  
Old 04-17-2018, 04:28 AM
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17 April 1918

Western Front
Kaiserschlacht: Unternehmung Georgette
, known in the west as Battles of the Lys or the German Lys Offensive: First Battle of Kemmel Ridge begins (see 19th): Intense bombardment, followed by infantry attack, on whole line from Nieppe Forest to Wytschaete. Wytschaete and Meteren again lost. North-west of Dixmude, Belgians take 700 prisoners and 42 machine guns.
French repulse local attacks on Meuse and in Champagne.
Specially-prepared positions for Vickers machine-gun teams somewhere among the Flanders battlefields: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...ndern.jpg?ssl=1
Heaνy German mustard gas attack οπ Villers-Bretonneux.
Germany: Erich Ludendorff orders Aisne attack preparations by German Crown Prince.
A horse wounded near the front being treated at a veterinary hospital at St. Omer, France: © IWM (Q 10909): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...913245272862724
A British soldier having a shave while another mans a Lewis gun near Robecq: © IWM (Q 8721): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...169918252109824

Naval and Overseas Operations
North Sea:
British monitors Erebus and Terror bombard Ostend.
North Atlantic: 4 Royal Navy drifters sink coastal submarine UΒ-82 in Northern Channel.
Adriatic: Italian submarine Η.5 sunk in error by ΗΜ Submarine Η.1.
Mozambique: War Office reports progress.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Armenia
: Turks approach Kars, and claim 250 guns at Batum.

Political, etc
Austria-Hungary
: Baron Burian succeeds Count Czernin as Minister for Foreign Affairs.
France: General Emile Belin succeeds General Maxime Weygand on Supreme War Council.
Bolo Pasha is executed.
Canada: Government makes proposals for increase of manpower.
United States: Americans testing mobile anti-aircraft searchlights in Washington, DC: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...154821311959040
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  #848  
Old 04-18-2018, 01:51 AM
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Hard to imagine that the war is within seven months of ending but the battlefield reports still suggest heavy fighting is the norm rather than the exception with Germany giving about as well as she's getting. I'm just thinking how different that seems from WWII when after Stalingrad, Germany was basically on the defensive through the end of the war.
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  #849  
Old 04-18-2018, 09:30 AM
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18 April 1918

Western Front
Kaiserschlacht: Unternehmung Georgette
, known in the west as Battles of the Lys or the German Lys Offensive: First Battle of Kemmel Ridge (see 19th): In the north, attacks south of Kemmel repulsed. Belgians repulse attack north-west of Passchendaele.
Battle of Béthune: Heavy attacks from Givenchy to Lys river. Fighting particularly severe at Givenchy, where Germans make advance of 10 miles gained since April 9.
British soldiers fighting in the ruins of Cuinchy: © IWM (Q 10942): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...245432392208384
French progress on Avre river and take 650 prisoners at Castel with tank support.
The new recruits for the British infantry in 1918 in Etaples: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...-1918.jpg?ssl=1
Two groups of African American soldiers having a tug-of-war contest: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...185025082228736
British Major General F. B. Maurice: “The British army is playing the role which it often has played before. It is fighting a Waterloo...”
French children riding a carousel in the streets of Paris: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...578884488515584

Southern Front
Macedonia
: Bulgarian detachments attack Italians in Cherna Bend and are repulsed. Four-day British artillery harassing in Lake Doiran sector plus 3 trench raids (April 20 and 22) cost 136 casualties for 100 Bulgarians.
Italy: Italian II Corps (3rd and 8th Divisions) begins tο entrain (until April 27) for Western Front; comprises 52,826 men as symbol of Αllied unity and affront tο Austria.

Naval and Overseas Operations
German destroyers bombard Adinkerke (Belgian coast).
A dazzle-camouflaged American transport ship arriving with American troops at Brest: © IWM (Q 58240): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...609085364785152

Political, etc
United Kingdom
: The 3rd Military Service Bill (Manpower) receives Royal Assent. This law , lowers age to 17 1/2 and raises it to 50, eyesight criteria lessened. It also extended military conscription to Ireland.
Shakeups in the British government: Lt.-Gen. Sir D. Henderson resigns from Air Board. Mr. A. Chamberlain joins War Cabinet. Early of Deby appointed Ambassador to France, vice Lord Bertie. Viscount Milner to be Secretary of State for War.
Ireland: The conscription law faces widespread opposition in Ireland, and Sinn Fein and labour movements plan strikes. Dublin Mansion House Conference, after consultation with Bishops, denies right of Government to enforce conscription.
South Africa: Cape Town: In House of Assembly, Sir P. Fitzpatrick denounces Mr. Hertzog for sedition.
Italy: Prime Minister Orlando announces Italian troops sent tο Western Front.
Central Inter-Allied Propaganda Commission begins work at Padua (by October 70 million publications sent tο Austrian Army and beyond cause “much” desertion).
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  #850  
Old 04-19-2018, 04:26 AM
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19 April 1918

Western Front
Kaiserschlacht: Unternehmung Georgette
, known in the west as Battles of the Lys or the German Lys Offensive: First Battle of Kemmel Ridge (see 19th): First Battle of Kemmel Ridge ends. North of Merville heavy shelling, but no infantry attacks. Position restored at Givenchy.
Battle of Béthune: Scarpe river British capture a few prisoners and machine guns.
Sharp fighting at Robecq, but then there is a lull in fighting; minor actions (until April 24). General Antoine de Mitry assumes command of French Νorthern Army Detachment (until July 5) which relieves British ΙΧ Corps, 6 battered British divisions withdrawn for rest.
French artillerymen go into action with a train-mounted naval gun during the fighting to halt the German offensive along the Lys River: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...z-lys.jpg?ssl=1
Frenchwomen workers sorting and repairing underwear for American troops at Tours, France: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...639305438310400

Eastern Front
Finish Civil War
: German troops under Colonel Brandenstein captures Lahti, cutting off 25,000 Red Guards and joins with Whites on April 20. Fighting till Reds surrender until May 2.
Ukraine: German forces enter the Crimea. Germans report occupation of two stations of main Sevastopol line.

Southern Front
Asiago Plateau
: Successful minor action by British announced.
Macedonia: British withdraw from positions in Struma valley occupied on 15th.

Naval and Overseas Operations
English Channel
: German submarine SM UB-78, which sunk 2 ships during its career, hits a mine off Dover with loss of all 35 crew.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Arabia:
Lieutenant-Colonel Α Dawnay and Lawrence plus 5 armored cars, 2 aircraft, Egyptian Camel Coy and Bedouin capture Tell-esh* Shakin Station (54 PoWs, 200 rifles), occupy Ramleh and wreck 80 miles of line; Medina cut off from north.
Armenia: Turkish Ι Caucasian Corps breaks Nazarbekov’s 9,000-strong Armenian line (350 casualties) southwest of Kars.

Political, etc
United Kingdom
: British Government announces right of search re: Dutch convoy of 16 April.
Belgium: Lieutenant-General Cyriaque Gillain replaces Lieutenant-General Louis Rucquoy as CoS under King Albert.
United States: U.S. State Department says American landing in Vladivostok is merely police precaution.
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  #851  
Old 04-20-2018, 05:36 AM
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I love the picture of the French ladies sorting and repairing "underwear" for the American troops. Who would have thought? Love this series. Amazing what you learn. (Almost hate to see the war end this coming November ... well at least the 100th anniversary of the ending.) Thanks!
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  #852  
Old 04-20-2018, 09:11 AM
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20 April 1918

Western Front
Kaiserschlacht: Unternehmung Georgette
, known in the west as Battles of the Lys or the German Lys Offensive:
Flanders: German gas bombardment of Kemmne-Ypres with 9 million rounds (2,000t) mustard gas, phosgene and diphenylchlorarsine fired (until April 25) at BEF; 8,470 gassed (43 deaths). North-east of Ypres German minor attempt fails.
(Listed for yesterday): William Hope Hodgson, English author known for works like the “Sargasso Sea Stories, “The House on the Borderland” and “The Night Land,” is killed in action at Ypres: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...967769005613057
Somme: Skirmishes go in favor of British (until April 22).
Richthofen’s 80th (and last) victory, a Sopwith Camel northeast of Villers-Brelonneux.
Meuse: Germans gain ground at Seicheprey (Woevre) against Franco-Americans, who counter-attack successfully on April 21.
German troops capture Seicheprey, France from American soldiers, but they retake the town after hand-to-hand fighting: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...269777893871616
Artois: Pershing visits Canadian Corps.
German shells falling on the village of Rambucourt, France: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...300021828816896

Eastern Front
Finish Civil War
: Details of intentions of Finnish "White Party" are published in Stockholm.
Carl Mannerheim attacks towards Viborg with 24,000 men and 40 guns (until April 29).
The Finnish Commander-in-Chief Carl Gustav Mannerheim: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...m-1WK.jpg?ssl=1

Naval and Overseas Operations
British and German destroyers in contact in Heligoland Bight. One German destroyer damaged.

Political, etc
United Kingdom
: Lord Derby, Secretary of State for War, Great Britain, resigns to become ambassador to France: Viscount Milner appointed Secretary of State for War, Great Britain (see 18th).
First National Emergency Proclamation, withdrawing exemptions up to 23.75 years, issued.
Canada: 20-22 year-old men called up.
United States: “Sabotage Act”, a codification of the Alien Enemies Act. It was used by the government to identify and imprison “dangerous” enemy aliens from Germany; more commonly used to suppress German-language publications in the US, and to prosecute those who spoke out against the US participation in the war. (Also, used later in World War II to persecute ethnic German, Japanese, and to a lesser extent, Italian descendant American citizens.
President Woodrow Wilson, while riding a British tank in front of the White House, accidentally burns himself when he grabbed on to a hot exhaust pipe: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...998102686162947
Karl Fredinand Braun, German physicist and Nobel laureate who invented the cathode-ray tube, passed away in Brooklyn, New York: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...330309199925248
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Old 04-21-2018, 09:04 AM
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21 April 1918

Western Front
Rittmeister Manfred Albrecht, Baron von Richthofen, the 'Red Baron', is shot down and killed. Manfred von Richthofen was the most successful fighter pilot of the First World War and at the time of his death, he had shot down 80 Allied aircraft in air combat. Although Captain Roy Brown of No.209 Squadron is credited with the destruction of von Richthofen's Fokker Triplane, it is virtually certain that the Red Baron actually fell victim to ground fire whilst being pursued by Captain Brown.
Von Richthofen: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...632128300126208
The funeral of Richthofen with military honors by the 13th squadron of the Australian Air Force: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...ebnis.jpg?ssl=1
https://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/images...mbs/p021391.jpg
Footage of Australian soldiers breaking apart the Red Baron’s crashed triplane: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipe...e.ogv.240p.webm
Kaiserschlacht: Unternehmung Georgette, known in the west as Battles of the Lys or the German Lys Offensive: Position at Seicheprey restored. Local fighting round Albert, Villers Brettonneux and Robecq.
Great aerial activity and much bombing on whole front.
British Casualties on Somme and in Flanders since March 21 total nearly 250,000 soldiers.
Result of 29 days' bombardment of Paris: 118 killed, 236 injured.
British war dog wearing a gas mask at the kennels near Etaples, France: © IWM (Q 29559): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...360599804956672
British and French soldiers sitting on an artillery gun and smiling for the camera: © IWM (Q 10926): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...662398550106112

Naval and Overseas Operations
Western Mediterranean
: Royal Navy ML.413 depth charges and sinks Cattaro-bound coastal-submarine UB-71 off Ceuta.

Political, etc
France
: New constitution of Versailles Council announced.
United Kingdom: The King sends message to munition workers.
Sir M. de Bunsen sent on Mission to South America.
Australia: Australian Roman Catholic Bishops protest against Government action in Ireland.
Japan: Count Ichiro Motono, Japanese Minister for Foreign Affairs, resigns (see 22nd, and November 21st, 1916).
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Old 04-22-2018, 11:40 AM
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22 April 1918

Western Front
Kaiserschlacht: Unternehmung Georgette
, known in the west as Battles of the Lys or the German Lys Offensive: Local fighting to slight British advantage in Albert, Robecq and Wytschaete sectors. Near Villers Brettoneux and on Ancre river, some German concentrations are dispersed.
Austrian troops reported to be arriving in Belgium.
DH4 bombs Zeebrugge harbor mole (night April 22-23) as diversion for Royal Navy Zeebrugge Raid.
French Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau visiting the front and inspecting the British 33rd Division at Cassel: © IWM (Q 6550): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...692707970723846
French colonial troops moving up to the front near Domart: © IWM (Q 10950): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...723921884631046
British artillery officer using the shoulder of another soldier to act as a support for his telescope: © IWM (Q 6539): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...008277282836480
The remains of von Richthofen’s downed triplane on display: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...053578538504192

Naval and Overseas Operations
Νorth Sea: Zeebrugge Raid
: St George’s Day Raid by British Dover Patrol: 3 old cruiser blockships; 9 monitors; 5 cruisers; 7 flotilla leaders, 44 destroyers on Zeebruge and Ostend (night April 22-23) (2 blockships miss). Zeebrugge Raid lasts 1 hour and costs 588 Royal Navy casualties mainly from 900-strong landing party that tries tο storm harbor mole. Obsolescent submarine C.3 destroys viaduct linking mole to mainland; 24 CMBs and 60 Minelayers lay flanking smokescreen; 8 Victoria Cross won (King invests them on July 31) and 209 other decorations. Destroyer North Star (35 casualties) sunk, probably by torpedo from Mole, and German destroyer probably torpedoed on inside. Germans dredge in 24 hours 60-feet wide channel round blockships, canal fully open within 3 weeks; coastal submarine UB-16 uses it on April 24, larger boats diverted to Ostend, but raid a great British morale booster at home and in France.
The state of the entrance to the German destroyer and submarine base Zebrugge after the British raid: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...-Raid.jpg?ssl=1
Adriatic: Destroyer action (night April 22-23) as 4 Austrian ships chased from West of Valona back to Cattaro by 5 British (Hornet suffers 32 casualties) and 1 French.

Political, etc
Germany
: "Das neue Europa" publishes estimate of German losses up to 31 July 1917 as exceeding 5,000,000.
Lithuania: United Diets of Baltic Provinces request German Government to form them into a monarchy under King of Prussia.
United Kingdom: Mr. Bonar Law introduces the Budget.
India: Baluchistan: India Office announces unconditional surrender of Khotran Tribe.
Japan: Baron Goto Shinpei appointed Japanese Minister for Foreign Affairs (see 21st, and September 28th).
Denmark: Denmark conducts its Parliamentary election, which is the first election Danish women are eligible to vote. The Venstre (Left) Party wins the most seats.
Netherlands: Severe tension reported between Holland and Germany.
Armenia: The Trans-Caucasian Council decide to declare independence (night 22nd/23rd) lace September 20th, 1917 and May 6th and 26th, 1918). The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic (based in modern-day Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia) declares its independence from Russia. and reopens negotiations with the Turks.
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Old 04-23-2018, 09:39 AM
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23 April 1918

Western Front
Kaiserschlacht: Unternehmung Georgette
, known in the west as Battles of the Lys or the German Lys Offensive: Violent artillery fire from Avre river to Albert, followed by heavy infantry attacks at Albert and in region between Somme and Avre.
US 1st Division enters line opposite Cantigny (west of Montdidier) between French IX and VI Corps.
Paris raided by one aeroplane, which is brought down.
Naval aircraft bomb docks at Zeebrugge and Ostend.
Paul Frank Baer becomes the first American serving in the U.S. military to become a flying ace: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...407170319421440
Special dispatch from Sir Douglas Haig mentions 14 divisions: 102 German divisions employed against British alone during great offensive.

Eastern Front
Finish Civil War
: Finnish Western White Army reported to have reached Russian frontier.

Southern Front
Albania
: Durazzo bombed by British Naval aircraft:- only one warship seen in harbor.

Naval and Overseas Operations
North Sea
: LAST GERMAN HIGH SEAS FLEET SORTIE (until April 24). Vain bid from 0500 hours, initially undetected (Scheer eliminates radio traffic), to attack British Norwegian convoys (81 ships off Forth nowhere near Norwegian waters). Hipper finds nothing, sends back battlecruiser Moltke with engine trouble (40 miles southwest of Stavanger). Distress signal (April 24) alerts Room 40 and Grand Fleet’s 35 capital ships (including 4 US battleships) plus 111 cruisers and destroyers put to sea from Rosyth in record 1 1/2 hours. Battleship Oldenburg takes Moltke in tow but she is torpedoed by British submarine E.42 on April 25 before she and whole fleet of 17 battleships re-enter harbor.
A late sortie by the German High Seas Fleet as the ‘Bayern’ class battleship on the right has a mainmast and all have landed their torpedo nets. The Germans successfully preserved the greater part of their battle fleet as a ‘fleet-in-being’, tying down the superior strength of the British: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...lasse.jpg?ssl=1
Kaiser Wilhelm inspecting a Mole at Zeebrugge, Belgium damaged by British submarine C.3: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...346766327275520

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine
: War Office reports progress in Hejaz.
Armenia: Bayazid occupied by Turks.

Political, etc
Austria-Hungary
: Hungarian Prime Minister Dr Sandor Werkerle says Emperor’s peace letter had German agreement.
Russia: Russian Bolshevik Government issue protest against union of Bessarabia and Rumania (see 9th and 16th, and December 10th).
United Kingdom: Major-General Tom Bridges, appointed to Military Adviser to Lord Reading in U.S.
Canada: Newfoundland: Conscription Bill introduced.
Ireland: Ireland launches a general strike to protest the British government’s decision to extend military conscription to the Irish.
Minor Allies: Guatemala declares war on Germany (see April 27th, 1917).
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