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  #961  
Old 08-01-2018, 11:57 AM
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1 August 1918

You are quite welcome, DB. Lot of stuff today, for the beginning of the month:
Western Front
Second Battle of the Marne
: Allies advance on Ourcq, on north, reaching line Cramoiselle-Cramaille (north-west of Fere-en-Tardenois), on south take Cierges (south-east of Fere-en-Tardenois), claim 600 PoWs, with another 100 PoWs taken at Cierges.
French capture Romigny (south-west of Reims).
German retreat to Vesle begins in rain (night August 1-2).
Somme: British Fourth Army in Amiens sector secretly doubled by August 8; 290 special trains bring up 6 infantry and 2 cavalry divisions including Canadian Corps from Arras, 8 tank battalions and huge ammo stock piles. Small Canadian force sent north to Flanders (Mt Kemmel), part of deception plan including first land use of radio traffic deception.
Germany: During August OHL reduces 400-strong battalions from 4 coys to 3.
American troops in the forest near Fresnes: © IWM (Q 85383): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...288601394372608
French civilians and soldiers bid farewell to British troops departing the front after the Battle of Tardenois: © IWM (Q 9173): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...564154076684290
French troops in a shell-hole near Soissons: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...594355846361088
American troops attacking German trenches at Choloy: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...654757363900416
Column of Scottish soldiers marching near Mareuil-sur-Ay: © IWM (Q 78112):
https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...684959716524032
Western Front, Air:
During August Jastas equipped with Fokker D-VII fighters claim 565 victories but serious fuel shortages beginning to affect all German flying units (150 or 250 litres per day and aircraft from mid-August). French have 2,970 aircraft.
Three Fokker D-VII of Jasta 2 of Jagdgeschwader 3 next to an Albatros D-Va of Jasta 36: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...ii-01.jpg?ssl=1
Allied air forces mount concerted attacks on enemy airfields, especially those occupied by the German Schlachtstaffeln (Close Air Support Squadrons).
The Royal Air Force (RAF) suffers heavy casualties (approaching 25%) amongst low flying aircraft. There was also intense air-to-air combat with the Royal Air Force losing 150 aircraft in the second week of August and claiming 177 German aircraft shot down.
Fighter sweeps are instituted over the Western Front. These were usually composed of Sopwith Camel squadrons at 10,000 feet, Royal Aircraft Factory SE5 squadrons at 14,000 feet and Bristol Fighter squadrons at 18,000 feet.
In the aftermath of the Russian Revolution, the Russian army that had previously blocked Turkish forces in the south Caucasus collapses and a British force under the command of Major-General L. Dunsterville 'Dunsterforce' is deployed to the Caspian Sea port off Baku to stiffen the remaining White Russian forces in the region.
Headquarters of the Aviation Services Ireland, previously under the Army's Irish Command, is renamed Royal Air Force Ireland and placed under direct Air Ministry control. Later in the same month Royal Air Force Ireland is renamed No.11 (Irish) Group.
(Listed for yesterday): George McElroy, one of the leading British flying aces and the top Irish ace with 47 victories, is killed in action over France: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...258398601273345
Germany: Army Air Service has 318 front-line units with establishment of 2,569 aircraft (excluding depot reserve) including 1,053 fighters and c.253 bombers.

Eastern Front
Allied Expeditionary Force attack and capture the defenses of Archangel (see 2nd).

Eastern Front/West Asia Border Theater
Azerbaijan
: Ashkabad Whites appeal to Major-General Malleson; he sends Punjabi MG detachment which covers 1,800 Whiles’ defeat by 3,000 Reds at Bairam Ali (August 13); Reds take Merv Oasis (c. August 18).

Naval and Overseas Operations
American diver putting on diving gear to salvage sunken ships and freight: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...228191873974272
(Listed for yesterday): A British Sopwith Camel, piloted by Stewart Culley, successfully takes off from a small barge being pulled behind a destroyer: © IWM (Q 27511): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...318795425431553

Political, etc
Germany
: During August 1920 conscript class reaches field depots but not used in front line for political reasons. Ludendorff raises soldiers’ pay 1 Reichsmark per day.
Russia: New German Ambassador Helfferich’s memo urges Reds’ overthrow, Kaiser agrees. Lenin via Chicherin asks for German help vs counterrevolutionaries.
France: Chamber votes for 1920 class call up.
United Kingdom: Speech of Mr. Balfour on League of Nations.
RFP up 8% to record 118%. Commons passes record £700m credit. Postwar rationing of raw materials and scheme of pay compensation for torpedoed seamen announced.
Turkey: In August political exiles allowed to return.
Belgium: King George V of Britain arrives in Belgium and inspects American troops: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...624556110241793
United States: 1 million women now working in factories.
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  #962  
Old 08-02-2018, 04:34 AM
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2 August 1918

Western Front
Second Battle of the Marne: Battle of Soissons
or Battle of Soissonais and of the Ourcq formally ends (see July 23rd), although it had trickled down to practically nothing already.Soissons retaken by Allied forces (see May 29th), (300 of 15.000 population left) and advance up to 6 miles; 50 villages retaken. Soissons in August 1918: The old residence of the Frankish kings changed hands several times during the war: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...-1918.jpg?ssl=1
Germans retreating to River Vesle. Criss-cross shaded areas represent today’s gains, shaded black represent the area captured by the Allied counteroffensive: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...926539870359552
Germany: Hindenburg and Ludendorff Press Conference at OHL, latter claims ‘limited tactical success’ on Marne. Both slight AEF, comparing it with France’s Black African ‘auxiliaries’. Hindenburg insists his goal is ‘a peace of honor’.
US ‘Liberty Planes’ (D.H. 4s) first in action.

Eastern Front
On 2 August 1918, anti-Bolshevik forces, led by Tsarist Captain Georgi Chaplin, staged a coup against the local Soviet government at Archangelsk. British diplomats had travelled to in preparation of the invasion, and General Poole had coordinated the coup with Chaplin.
Royal Air Force aircraft help elements of the North Russian Expeditionary Force to occupy the port of Archangel.

Eastern Front/West Asia Border Theater
Azerbaijan
: Petrov’s 1200 Reds and 2 guns (from Astrakhan) land in Baku and secure Bolshevik leaders’ release.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Persia
: Turks occupy Urmia, north-west Persia. all 80,000 Jilus (also spelled Jelu) flee, only, 59,000 reach Bijar.

Naval and Overseas Operations
North Sea
: British minelayer destroyers Vehement and Ariel mined and sunk (97 lives lost) by German mines close to Dutch neutral zone. During August Royal Navy lays 9,000 mines off Yorkshire and Durham coasts (until September).

Political, etc
Russia
: Lenin tells at five meetings ‘The Soviet Republic is in Danger’
Japan: Japanese Government decide to land troops at Vladivostok (see 11th and April 5th).
United States: US War Secretary Baker tells Major-General William S Graves, Commander designate for Siberia ‘Watch your step, you will be walking on eggs loaded with dynamite’. US Vice-Consul at Petrograd notifies state of war between US and Russia.
American sailors in Chicago drape a U.S. flag over a seal of the Prussian Eagle that was displayed over Vogelsang Café: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...715213592031238
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  #963  
Old 08-03-2018, 08:47 AM
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3 August 1918

Western Front
Second Battle of the Marne
: Allies reach Fismes (on River Vesle), and retake 50 villages.
Somme: Germans retreat behind River Ancre from Hamel (north of Albert) to Dernancourt (south of Albert).
German soldiers captured by French troops during the fighting are waiting to be transported backwards: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...Aug18.jpg?ssl=1
A sunken road near Arras shortly after the Allies captured it from the Germans: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...018620617916416
Wounded American soldier in the military hospital at Neuilly, France: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...048972342304769

Eastern Front
Volga
: White Samara Government invites Allied intervention.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Siberia
: British (25th Middlesex Regiment, 521 men) and Japanese 12th Division troops (12,000 by August 21) land at Vladivostok. (see 2nd and April 5th).

Naval and Overseas Operations
Channel
: Australian ambulance transport Warilda sunk by submarine UC-49, 123 lost.
HMAT Warilda: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...331716666343426
Adriatic: Coastal submarine UB-53 scuttles after fouling Otranto Barrage and exploding 2 mines.

Political, etc
Canada
: Anti-Greek riots break out in Toronto over rumours that a Canadian veteran was mistreated in a Greek café. Thousands of Canadians destroy Greek businesses in the city and clash with police and militia.
Turkey: Samsam es Sultaneh, Persian Prime Minister, resigns (see 7th, and June 20th).
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  #964  
Old 08-04-2018, 01:12 PM
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4 August 1918

Western Front
Second Battle of the Marne
: Americans take Fismes; Allies on right bank of Vesle.
Allies have taken 35,000 PoWs and 700 guns. End of Second Battle of the Marne.
Somme: Germans withdraw on 10-mile front (Montdidier-Moreuil) on east bank of the Avre. Corporal Hitler awarded Iron Cross 1st Class for ‘personal bravery and general merit’.
Adolf Hitler as a volunteer on the Western Front 1914-1918 with the Iron Cross: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...px800.jpg?ssl=1
Hugo Gutmann, the Jewish Lieutenant who recommended Hitler for the award: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...709196845740033
Ludendorff order of the day tries to raise morale, says Second Army ready for an 18 July-style tank offensive.
Ruined buildings in the Somme department, France: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...392118003650560
French and American troops at a captured German heavy gun emplacement near Sarcy: © IWM (Q 108339): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...422317067923456
German shells hitting a wrecked building in Ypres, Belgium: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...648799690240001
Indian troops at a war anniversary service in Kasauli, British India: © IWM (Q 52693): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...679001241759744
British troops at a religious service at Terdeghem, France to commemorate the 4th anniversary since Britain entered the war: © IWM (Q 11121): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...739401278771201
German A7V tank “Mephisto” being tested by the British after it was captured last month: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...769605615296518

Eastern Front
General Günther von Kirchbach takes command at Kiev.

Eastern Front/West Asia Border Theater
Azerbaijan
: British force arrives at Baku (Caspian Sea) (see 26th, and July 19th).

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Persia: Bolshevik Committee at Enzeli arrested by British military authorities.

Political, etc
United Kingdom
: Prime Minister’s 4th anniversary war message in 4,000-5,000 theatres and cinemas etc. Bishop of London consecrates war shrine in Hyde Park.
Japan: Toyama fishing families riot vs high rice prices, unrest spreads to Kyoto, Kobe and other cities. Government requisitions all stocks for sale at fair prices (August 17).
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  #965  
Old 08-05-2018, 10:30 AM
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5 August 1918

Western Front
German airships raid the United Kingdom for the last time, when five Zeppelins of the German Navy are despatched to attack targets in the Midlands, but the raid is a failure. One airship, Zeppelin L-70, captained by Kapitanleutnant Johann von Lossnitzer and carrying the commander of the German Naval Airship Division, Fregattenkapitan Peter Strasser, is attacked by two de Havilland D.H.4s from Yarmouth. It falls into the sea in flames, 8 miles from Wells-next-the-Sea, killing all of the crew. Subsequently, a de havilland D.H.4 flown by Major Egbert Cadbury and Captain Robert Leckie is credited with destroying L-70. Royal Air Force aircraft also damage a second airship, the L-65 and the surviving airships drop their bombs into the sea and return to base. 35 defence sorties (2 lost) including USN Air Service F2A (Lieutenant E Lawrence, Ensign A Hawkins) from Killingholme south of Humber.
The newly completed X-class L-70 was considered an outstanding airship and the final version of the ‘Super-Zeppelin’. It should climb to an altitude where it might be immune from interception and remaining in the air for several days: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...n-L70.jpg?ssl=1
There were altogether 51 airship raids against the British Isles during which bombs were dropped. There were also 8 attempted raids which either did not reach the coast, or which, for some other reason, failed in action. There were also 59 aeroplane attacks in which bombs were dropped (see July 20th), and 11 aeroplane reconnaissances. Total number of air raids in which bombs were dropped was 110.
France: 4th and final Paris Gun bombardment (66 shells until August 9). Allied advances at the 2nd Battle of the Marne slows as German troops strengthen their defenses on the Vesle River. However, Germany’s gains in its most recent offensive have been reversed, and German troops retreat at other points on the Western Front: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...012444416794624
A British 8-inch howitzer and its crew near Warloy, France: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...043901721890816
King George V landing at Calais to visit the front: © IWM (Q 9823): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...074100572336128
U.S. General Peyton C. March announces that over a million U.S. troops are now on the frontlines, taking over trenches previously manned by French troops.

Eastern Front
Volga
: 2,500 Czechs and Whites land at Kazan but are driven back.

Eastern Front/West Asia Border Theater
Azerbaijan
: First Turkish attack on Baku repulsed by 8,000 defenders (620 casualties); 2 Duncars and 200 British troops reach city and help (2 more Duncars and 150 British soldiers land on August 7).
Georgia: Kress radios Berlin ‘I have hampered every shipment of munitions [for Turks] from Batumi via Tiflis up to the present’. US interception station, picks up and solves in 1 hours (another signal decoded on August 8).

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Siberia:
1,150 French colonial troops land at Vladivostok (arrive at front under shell fire August 11-12), Marines land on August 9.

Political, etc
Russia
: Anglo-French nationals arrested in Moscow.
United Kingdom: Message of Mr. Lloyd George to British Empire to "Hold Fast".
United States: U.S.A. Man-power Bill introduced into Congress; military age from 18 to 45.
Hog’s I, Philadelphia, launches first pre-fabricated ship SS Ouistconck and 7 completed by January 8, 1919, yard having been built from scratch since September 20, 1917 (16 ships launched).
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  #966  
Old 08-06-2018, 09:47 AM
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6 August 1918

Western Front
Marne and Aisne
: Franco-American troops reach river Vesle and straighten out Salient (Soissons-Reims). Adolph von Carlowitz takes over German Ninth Army from Fritz von Below.
Army Group Boehn, commanded by Max von Boehn, formed.
Somme: German division counter-attack at Morlancourt (south of Albert) regains much ground and 250 PoWs (British 18th and 58th Divisions replacing Australians).
Barbed wire lines the streets of the ruined town of Albert, France: © IWM (Q 6895): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...436494628741120
Peter Strasser, the commander of Germany’s airship division, killed in the loss of L-70 in last night’s raid: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...225099966480384
A daylight British patrol in the town of Albert, France: © IWM (Q 6905):
https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...376094474297344
Franklin D. Roosevelt, the US Assistant Secretary of the Navy, in France during his inspection of Allied naval facilities and administrations: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...406293421142016
King George V inspects officers of the 2nd Brigade RAF near St. Omer: © IWM (Q 12101): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...466690035593217

Naval and Overseas Operations
Mediterranean
: U-boat sinks destroyer HMS Comet. Allied mining conference at Malta (until August 9), US Navy to lay second Otranto mine barrage and a South Aegean one.

Political, etc
Austria-Hungary
: Czech's, Yugo-Slavs, some Poles vote against Austro-Hungarian Budget.
Vienna newspaper Arbeiter-Zeitung praises Marshal Foch: ‘…the Allies now possess a leader whose name arouses confidence and … they believe that, unlike his predecessors, he will not fall far short of the mature skill … possessed by Hindenburg and Ludendorff’.
Germany: Retirement of Herren Ballin and Holtzendorff from Council of Central Europe.
Russia: SOVNARKOM authorizes unions to send armed men to get bread from villages. Recalled German Ambassador leaves Moscow (arrives Pskov on August 11).
France: General Ferdinand Foch created Marshal of France.
Marshal Ferdinand Foch (1851-1929) is a deliberate organizer and diplomat and can overcome the national self-interests of the Allied nations: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...-Foch.jpg?ssl=1
M. Malvy sentenced to five years' banishment.
United Kingdom: British Government issue Declaration to Russian peoples, stating that they have no intention of interfering in Russian politics (see July 26th). (ed note: curious disclaimer, considering the already-ocurring and continued interference).
Speech of Mr. Montagu on Indian Constitutional Reform.
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  #967  
Old 08-07-2018, 04:04 AM
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7 August 1918

Western Front
Ferdinand Foch, Marshal of France: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...481791769739266

Eastern Front
Volga
: Czechs and Whites capture Kazan from Red First Army whose Colonel Vatsetis just escapes. Red gold reserve moves to Samara. Largest workers rebellion vs Red rule at Izhevsk (arms factory town 150 miles northeast of Kazan, until November 7). Leon Trotsky leaves Moscow in armored train for Volga.
Kuban: Anton Denikin breaks Reds before Ekaterinodar after week’s fighting.
Czech soldiers in an armored train: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...train.jpg?ssl=1

Naval and Overseas Operations
Atlantic
: French cruiser Dupetit Thouars (13 lost) sunk by U-62 (Ernst Hashagen).

Political, etc
United Kingdom
: Mr. Lloyd George on War position; says German high water mark reached, their economic position desperate.
Turkey: Vossuq ed Douleh appointed Persian Prime Minister (see 3rd and May 29th, 1917).
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  #968  
Old 08-08-2018, 11:23 AM
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8 August 1918

Western Front
95 days until the Armistice. The Western Allies “Hundred Days Offensive” begins with the commencement of the Battles of Amiens and Montdidier.
Battle of Amiens begins (see 11th): Great Franco-British advance (British 4th and French 1st Armies) on Amiens front from Morlancourt to Montdidier. BEF Fourth Army, with French First Army (Moreuil captured with 3,150 PoWs and 161 guns), and 430 tanks (96 Whippets) attacks at 0420 hours on 15-mile front east of city. 5 German divisions routed (27,700 casualties including 15,565 PoWs from 11 divisions and 400 guns). Newly arrived Canadian Corps (3,868 casualties) advances 6 miles taking 12 villages; 5,033 PoWs and 161 guns; Australians (3,000 casualties) take 7 villages; 7,920 PoWs and 173 guns.
Battle of Montdidier begins (see 15th): General line advanced to Plessier-Rozainvillers, Beaucourt, Caix, Framerville, Chipilly, and west of Morlancourt.
The ‘BLACK DAY OF THE GERMAN ARMY’ IN THIS WAR (Ludendorff War Memoirs). From a German headquarters BEF obtain map of all Siegfriedstellung (‘Hindenburg Line’) dug-outs, emplacements, HQs, OPs, dumps, railheads, billets, balloon sheds and landing grounds between river Oise and Bellicourt. BEF loss under 9,000 soldiers and 109 tanks (8 to 1 anti-tank gun).
German soldiers taken PoWs on the ‘Black Day of the German Army’: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...ngene.jpg?ssl=1
Australian troops with a tank on the Western Front: © IWM (E(AUS) 3883): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...841667586928640
British Mark V tank at Lamotte-en-Santerre at the Battle of Amiens: © IWM (Q 106497): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...110935331262464
British troops with a large group of German prisoners at the Battle of Amiens: © IWM (Q 9195): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...141132122292225
German prisoners captured by the French at the Battle of Amiens: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...201546608685057
The opening day of the Battle of Amiens sees the Royal Air Force and French Air Forces with approximately 1,900 aircraft available and opposed by only 365 German aircraft in this sector. Record losses of aircraft in 1914-18 air combat– 83 Allied plus another 52 RAF planes written off (90 casualties), 49 German during Battle of Amiens. Some German pilots (including Goering) 10 hours in air successfully defending Somme bridges (14 permanent) from 205 RAF sorties (12t bombs dropped). 9 RAF fighter squadrons drop 1,563 bombs and fire 122,150 MG rounds at ground targets (until August 9). RAF shoot down 9 German balloons, ace Beauchamp-Proctor shares in all these kills.
The Victoria Cross is awarded to Captain A.F.W. Beauchamp-Proctor, a South African of No.84 Squadron, Royal Air Force. His work was described as "almost unsurpassed in its brilliancy, and as such has made an impression on those serving in his squadron and those around him that will not be easily forgotten."
Remains of a German zeppelin brought down over England: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...171336278425600

Southern Front
Four No 139 Squadron Bristol Fighters destroy 2 of 3 Austrian Albatroses over Pergine airfield (east of Trent) during Emperor Charles’ visit.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Channel
: Destroyer HMS Opossum and minelayers depth charge and sink UC-49 off Start Point near Plymouth. 6 Royal Navy destroyers lay first 234 magnetic mines off Dunkirk. Officially designated Sinker Mk1(M) they are prone to explode prematurely, but Germans never discover them.

Political, etc
United Kingdom
: British Government inform Finnish Government that they are in no way hostile to Finnish aspirations on the Murman Coast and in Karelia.
Education Act receives Royal Assent.
Reply of Mr. Balfour in House of Commons to Pacifists.
United States: Women members of the New York Police Reserves practice targeting at airplanes with a Lewis machine gun: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...871874641424384
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  #969  
Old 08-09-2018, 04:06 AM
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9 August 1918

Western Front
Battle of Amiens
(see 11th): Germans momentarily reoccupy Chipilly north of the river Somme, British with 145 tanks (39 knocked out) and joined US 167th Regiment, capture Morlancourt and Rosieres-Lihons; advance up to 3 miles despite facing 6 German divisions, 3,884 Canadian soldiers capture 8 villages and Australian casualties. British reach Lihons (2 miles from Chaulnes).
Battle of Montdidier (see 15th): French 3rd Army advances on Montdidier from north and south, capturing Assainvillers (on south) and Pierrepont (on north).
Allies air losses again heavy, while attacking Somme bridges, RAF loses c.35 of 45 aircraft lost for 3 German planes.
British Mark V tanks, which had their debut in July 1918, on the way to the front line: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...tanks.jpg?ssl=1
A camouflaged Mark V tank near Albert during the Battle of Amiens: © IWM (Q 9248): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...474585615249408

Southern Front
Italian air raid on Vienna dropping leaflets, not bombs: Gabriele D’Annunzio organizes daylight leaflet drop; 7 SVA5s and 1 two-seater SVA9 (Palli and D’Annunzio) fly 625 miles San Pelagio-Vienna and back, loitering 30 minutes over city, drop 200,000 manifestos calling on the Viennese to throw off ‘Prussian servitude’.

Political, etc
Russia
: News of arrest of Messrs. Lockhart (British Consul-General at Moscow) and Wardrop (British Consul) by Bolsheviks.
United Kingdom: Declaration (dated 6 August) of British Government to Peoples of Russia published.
Appeal of Executive of Miners' Federation of Great Britain to miners to increase output of coal by avoiding unnecessary absenteeism.
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  #970  
Old 08-10-2018, 09:37 AM
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10 August 1918

Western Front
Battle of Amiens
(see 11th): Rawlinson asks Haig ‘Are you commanding the British Army or is Marshal Foch?’ and gets Amiens thrust ended; he has 85 tanks (30 knocked out) in action (38 on August 11, 6 on August 12).
RAF Amiens offensive bombing switches to railways as well, 90 extra fighters bring strength to 480, but Peronne station raid costs 6 of 52 aircraft involved (Peronne attacked 3 times, August 11). Oblt Erich Lowenhardt (53 victories) killed in mid-air collision (Germany’s third ranking ace), one of 15 aircraft lost (38 Allied planes claimed). Captain A Yuille (Sopwith Camel, No 151 Squadron) shoots down first Giant bomber behind British lines near Talmas (night August 10-11).
British tanks going through the town of Hourges at the Battle of Amiens: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...534986851835904
Canadian armored car in action at the Battle of Amiens: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...611777008316416
The ruins of Chipilly a day after it was taken by the Americans during the Battle of Amiens: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...872356050640897
Battle of Montdidier (see 15th): Montdidier retaken by French forces (see 8th, and March 27th). Montdidier garrison surrounded and captured by French First Army in 7-mile-advance. 7 new German divisions arrive, drunken Bavarians shout at 38th Division ‘What do you war-prolongers want ?’. The Victoria Cross is awarded to Captain F.M.F. West of No.8 Squadron, Royal Air Force, for gallantry displayed during a low-level attack on German troops far over enemy lines north east of Roye in France, with the co-operation of the Tank Corps.
Second Battle of Lassigny: French Third Army (7 divisions) drives 3-4 miles northeast into German Eighteenth Army flank below Montdidier in (until August 22).
France: Total Allied PoW haul since August 8: 24,000, plus over 400 guns. US First Army operational under Pershing; Colonel Hugh A Drum CoS. AEF combat strength 822,358. Churchill (flew to France on August 8) at BEF GHQ Shell conference.
A carrier pigeon is released from a tank near Albert, France: © IWM (Q 9247): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...580289122488326
British cavalry passing through Beaucourt-en-Santerre, as they pursue retreating German troops: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...595393222234113
Australian soldiers at Crepy Wood during their attack against Lihons: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...902596147830784

Eastern Front
Russia
: Lenin orders anti-German screen troops to Volga despite Trotsky’s doubts (still 37 German divisions in east).

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Siberia
: Czechs and 400 Cossacks repulse 5,000 Reds in Stepanovka-Kraevsk area.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Western Atlantic
: U-boat gas attack on US Coast Guard station and lighthouse, Smith Island, NC.
As reported in the US Press at the time: August 13, 1918: "German submarine terrorism on a more intensive scale was disclosed tonight when the Navy Department announced that one of the U-boats operating on this coast had made a mustard gas attack off North Carolina. It is probably the same submarine that sank the Cape Hatteras lightship.
This attack was made about 5 o'clock Saturday afternoon. Mustard gas oil was released on the tides which swept in past Smith Island. The gas generated by the floating oil, which is vary volatile in the hot sunshine, temporarily put the coast guard station and lighthouse personnel on Smith Island out of commission. Six men were gassed, but no deaths resulted.
Information from the Coast Guard Station on Smith Island, at the mouth of the Cape Fear River, tonight, is that none of the victims of the gas there on Saturday afternoon suffered serious injury. Those who suffered at the lighthouse were the keeper, Captain Charles Swann, his wife and one other, composing the entire crew of the lighthouse, while three of the Coast Guards suffered. A brood of chickens on the reservation was killed, and other animals on the place showed signs of the gas." (New York Times)
North Sea: Harwich Force (4 cruisers and 13 destroyers) off Western Frisian Islands launches 6 CMBs to attack German minesweepers across minefields, but all lost to German seaplane attacks (1 lost), other aim of trapping Zeppelin achieved.
Mediterranean: French troopship SS Polynesien is sunk by the German submarine SM UC-22, resulting in 19 deaths. The ship was carrying Serbian soldier Milunka Savić, one of the most decorated female soldiers in history, who survived the sinking: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...842031962521600

Political, etc
Turkey
: Mushaver ul Mamalek, Persian Foreign Minister, resigns (see 11th and January 19th).
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Old 08-11-2018, 10:26 AM
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11 August 1918

Western Front
Battle of Amiens
: Battle comes to a close, as the initial Allied gains have slowed, and Haig finally recognizes the futility of throwing men against fortified positions.
Battle of Montdidier (see 15th): Allied advance between River Avre and and River Oise reaches line Armancourt (south-west of Roye), Tilloy, Cambronne (between Metz and Oise).
British air-raid on Karlsruhe.
France: 9 German bombers raid Calais, cause 47 military and 13 civilian casualties, 100 vehicles destroyed and fire spreads to spare parts worth £ 1 1/4 million for 19,566 BEF motor vehicles.
Western Front, Air: Germans claim 38 Allied planes for loss of 15.
9,074 Canadian casualties since August 8.
Germany: Although counter-attack now stabilizing Amiens-Montdidier line, Ludendorff offers resignation to Kaiser who refuses but replies ‘… we must strike a balance. We have nearly reached the limit of our powers of resistance. The war must be ended.
The Last Attack: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...nsive.jpg?ssl=1
German prisoners and British soldiers at a dressing station near Chipilly: © IWM (Q 6943): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...932781941350400
Erich Löwenhardt, killed in mid-air collision yesterday over France at the age of 21: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...947813626363904
King George V inspects a tank demonstration at Sautricourt: © IWM (Q 11144):
https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...963000819523584
Canadian Field Ambulance Men putting on their gas masks during the Battle of Amiens: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...205647979012096
Wounded British soldiers waiting to be evacuated at Le Quesnel: © IWM (Q 7297): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...237104617345024
Canadian soldiers returning on a tank at Amiens: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...267316209954817

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Siberia
: First Japanese contingents arrive at Vladivostok (see 2nd and 24th and September 5th).
Grigory Semenov’s forces defeat Bolsheviks north of Manchuria Station.

Naval and Overseas Operations
North Sea
: German airship L-53 destroyed off Frisian coast. (Last German airship to be destroyed in the war); this is in connection with the overnight raid of British coastal motor boats on German minesweeping forces. L-53 was shot down by by Stuart Culley in Sopwith Camel launched to 19,000ft from a lighter towed by British destroyer Redoubt.
The L-53: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...297507913310208
Germany: Reinhard Scheer replaces Henning von Holtzendorff as CNS. Franz von Hipper to command High Seas Fleet. Hindenburg and Ludendorff tell Scheer on August 12 that only U-boats can win the war.

Political, etc
Russia
: Arrival of German Embassy (Helfferich) from Moscow at Pskov.
United Kingdom: American soldiers arriving at Liverpool on the Chinese troopship Elpenor: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...174238623182848
Turkey: Mushaver ul Mamalek reappointed Persian Foreign Minister (see 10th).
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Old 08-12-2018, 11:16 AM
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12 August 1918

Western Front
Battle of Montdidier
(see 15th): Lull in operations (until August 20), Australians take Proyart. King George decorates US 33rd Division Doughboys.
Allied advances continue with the “Hundred Days Offensive,” as mobile warfare resumes on the Western Front: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...661151591227393
Germany: Kaiser relieves Crown Princes William and Rupprecht of Ninth, Eighteenth and Second Armies, all heavily engaged at Amiens and formed into Boehn’s new Army Group (until October 31) whose Seventh Army goes to Magnus von Eberhardt.
British soldiers extinguishing a fire caused by German air raid against Calais: © IWM (Q 11222): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...569299689136128
French troops accepting a cigarette from a Canadian soldier at the Battle of Amiens: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...599493263065089
Canadian medics passing by a tank during the Battle of Amiens: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...629693795319809

Eastern Front/West Asia Border Theater
Georgia
: Bicherakov (c.2,200 men) captures Derbent; Red warship foils Dunsterville’s bid to recall him.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine
: British 10th and 60th divisions’ raids on Gharabe Ridge (164 casualties) and east of Nablus road cause 570 casualties and take 14 MGs (over 239 Turkish PoWs). Lawrence and Lieutenant-Colonel Joyce meet Buxton’s force at El Jefir east of Hejaz Railway, reach Azrak in armored car on August 14.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Eastern Mediterranean
: U-boat sinks British transport Anhui (4 die) off Cyprus.

Political, etc
United Kingdom
: 30,000 see British Scientific Products Exhibition (250 firms) in London (until September 7).
Italy: Speech of Sr. Giovanni Giolitti on reconstruction after War.
United States: Liquor sale ban on railways.
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Old 08-13-2018, 10:03 AM
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13 August 1918

Western Front
Battle of Montdidier
(see 15th): French capture Belval (1.5 miles south from Lassigny).
Fifty Sopwith Camel fighters (including No 17 US Aero Squadron) mount a surprise raid on Varssenaere airfield west of Bruges, destroy 28-38 aircraft.
German guns captured by the Australians at the Battle of Amiens: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...920360362823680
American troops forming up as they prepare to advance following an artillery barrage against German positions near St. Barbe: © IWM (Q 69956): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...950553668280320
Soldiers from the British Army Service Corps help French women with the harvest at Cayeux: © IWM (Q 11229): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...980756830466050
Lothar von Richthofen, brother of Manfred von Richthofen (Red Baron) and German ace with 40 victories, is shot down and wounded for the third time. Lothar survives, but he is seriously injured and does not fly for the duration of the war. https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...012265314467840

Eastern Front
Volga
: Stalin declares state of siege at Tsaritsyn, bourgeoisie to dig trenches.

Naval and Overseas Operations
North Sea
: Convoy escort armed trawlers depth charge and sink coastal submarine UB-30 off Whitby.
Mediterranean: 17 destroyer-escorted fast storeships from USA have docked at French ports, via Spanish waters, since July 1, 4000t per day discharged by autumn.
Italy: Italian Navy deliberately sinks the outdated cruiser Etruria to make it seem Austro-Hungarian agents (turned double agents by Italy) were successful in their sabotage: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...997168877772800

Political, etc
Among Allied Powers
: The Czechoslovaks declare War on Germany. [October 28th is officially accepted as the date of entry into the war of Czechoslovakia as a belligerent nation. This was the date of the declaration of independence at Prague. On August 13th the declaration was made in the name of the Czechoslovaks as a people.]
Germany: Admiral Eduard von Capelle, German Minister of Marine, resigns (see 15th and March 15th, 1916). [note: there is confusion over the exact date: although his resignation was engineered by Erich von Ludendorff, and seems to have been requested in August, other sources state that he didn’t retire until October. It is possible that he tendered his resignation in August, but didn’t make it effective until his October retirement. Whatever the actual date of his retirement, his successor was Paul Behncke.]
At Spa Paul von Hindenburg and Erich Ludendorff, Prince Max von Baden, Chancellor and Foreign Minister, agree war cannot be ended militarily.
Russia: Release of Messrs. Lockhart and Wardrop.
Appeal of General Mikhail Dieterichs to Allied Naval and Military Commanders at Vladivostok for help.
United Kingdom: British Government recognize the Czechoslovaks as an Allied nation (see June 3rd and September 3rd).
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Old 08-14-2018, 04:17 AM
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14 August 1918

Western Front
Battle of Montdidier
(see 15th): German retreat from River Ancre begins; evacuation of Beaumont-Hamel, Serre, Puisieux, Bucquoy. North of Oise French capture Ribecourt.
Lys salient British establish posts south and east of Vieux Berquin (60 miles east-south-east of Hazelbrouck).
French soldiers in their trenches: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...raben.jpg?ssl=1
RAF has flown 700 sorties and dropped 571 bombs on bridges (mainly 112lb) since August 8 without inflicting serious damage. Rene Fonck destroys 3 German aircraft (8 admitted losses for 29 Allied).
Armenian refugees at an American military hospital in Paris: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...027378293612545
A French sailor and a British soldier with two women on a beach at Cayeux: © IWM (Q 11480): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...042481290203137
British cavalry near Demuin: © IWM (Q 78691): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...284030561366016

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine
: Nos 144 and 45 Squadrons reinforce RAF.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Mozambique
: Germans 60 miles inland from coast at Angoche.

Political, etc
Germany
: Ludendorff recommends immediate peace negotiations. Emperor Charles and Kaiser meet for last time at Spa, Arz warns ‘Austria-Hungary could only continue the war until December’; Austrians plead for peace. Kaiser instructs Hintze to seek Queen of Holland’s mediation but only to aid German recovery.
United Kingdom: Allied Propaganda Conference, at Crewe House, London (until August 17) opened by Northcliffe.
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Old 08-15-2018, 05:06 PM
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15 August 1918

Western Front
Battle of Montdidier
(see 15th): French complete capture of Lassigny Massif by capture of Alliche farm. British cross Ancre to Thiepval Wood and make progress between Beaucourt (north of Albert) and Puisieux (north-east of Beaucourt). Battle of Montdidier ends (see 8th).
Haig refuses to obey Foch’s order from August 11 for attack on Roye-Chaulnes, but will attack north of Somme (c. August 21).
Last bombardment of Paris by German long-range gun (see March 23rd).
Rupprecht warns Prince Max of Baden ‘Our military situation has deteriorated so rapidly that I no longer believe we can hold out over the winter; it is even possible that a catastrophe will come earlier.
A Canadian 60-pounder battery in action, August 1918: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...under.jpg?ssl=1
Western Front, Air: German fighters break up Allied formations, claim 25 Allied aircraft for 4 lost.
British troops in the damaged neighborhoods of Caix: © IWM (Q 61209): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...315461731835904
British Royal Engineers constructing a railway in the destroyed town of Villers-Bretonneux: © IWM (Q 56897): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...345668790472704
Australian soldiers digging a trench at Proyart: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...375865627529216
Ruins of Morlancourt after its capture by the Allies: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...677850473975808
British soldiers of the Directorate of Agricultural Production tending to cabbages near Vimy Ridge: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...754615976407046
Phosphorous bombs go off at night at Gondrecourt-le-Château: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...845202813562880

Eastern Front
Kuban
: White “Volunteer” Army captures capital Ekaterinodar (Denikin enters on August 16).

Eastern Front/West Asia Border Theater
Azerbaijan
: Action of Bairam Ali (Trans-Caspia): Trans-Caspian Government defeated by Bolshevik forces.
Georgia: Announcement of British troops at Baku (on west of Caspian Sea) and at Krasnovodsk (on east of Caspian, terminus of Central Asiatic Railway).

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Siberia
: Heavy shelling exchanged between Red field batteries (until August 17) on August 16 and HMS Suffolk 12-pounder in armored train. Siberian Regional Duma meets in Tomsk.
First American troops land in Vladivostok, joining Japanese, British, and French troops in the intervention against the Bolsheviks.
Bactrian camels used to pull sleds in Siberia for the British troops participating in the intervention against the Bolsheviks: ©IWM (Q 114808): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...406076217819136

Naval and Overseas Operations
North Sea
: Harwich Force destroyers Ullswater and Scott sunk (torpedo and mine respectively) escorting Dutch convoy.
A painting of HMS Ulleswater sinking by Charles Pears: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...739516192546817

Political, etc
Germany
: Vice-Admiral Paul von Behnke appointed German Minister of Marine (see 13th).
Meeting of Kaiser Wilhelm and Emperor Charles at Main Headquarters.
United Kingdom: Portuguese and British soldiers at a sports meet at Horsham, England: © IWM (Q 28083): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...709309440086018
United States: Relations between U.S.A. and Bolshevist Government in Russia severed.
Spain: Spanish Note to Germany re: shipping losses.
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