Western Front
Cambrai: South of Marcoing British regain portions of Welsh Ridge. However, a German attack at Cambrai retakes British lines on a two-mile front and captures several hundred prisoners, further reversing the gains the British had made there last month.
Canadian soldiers walking in the snow: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...813117815840768

Southern Front
Piave: Heavy snows in the Alps halt infantry actions at the front in Italy, slowing down the German and Austro-Hungarian offensive.
French 47th Division (259 casualties) recaptures Mt Tomba in 25 minutes with nearly 1,564 PoWs. Austrians forced to evacuate Zenso bend bridgehead, Lower Piave. And also storm Austrian trenches east of M. Grappa.
Salonika: Sir R Ross urges the minimum of 15,000 British malaria cases be sent home; 9,000 repatriated by April 30, 1918.
Padua again bombed.
Austro-Hungarian dressing station on the Italian Front: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...front.jpg?ssl=1

Naval and Overseas Operations
Troopship H.M.S. Aragon torpedoed in Mediterranean, by SM UC-34 with the loss of 610 lives. British destroyer Attack mined and sunk off Alexandria by UC-34 while rescuing survivors of torpedoed troopship Aragon (610 lost). Fleet auxiliary Osmanieh sinks on another mine on December 31 (198 lives lost). https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...126406869286913

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
British defence of Jerusalem ends (see 26th). British continue advance north; take Bethel, etc.
Turkish casualties since December 27: over 1,558 (558 PoWs) and 9 MGs vs British EEF of 1,360 soldiers, 1 armored car and 2 MGs. Total Turkish losses since October 31, 1917: 28,443.

Political, etc
United States: Tuskegee Institute releases report that 38 African Americans were lynched in the United States this year.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
A limited British attack takes 1,018 PoWs and 4 guns. Renewed German attacks on Welsh Ridge repulsed.
183,896 AEF (American Expedition Force) personnel now in Europe.
An American troopship has docked in a French port: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...reich.jpg?ssl=1
A British soldier looking at the ruins of the Ypres cathedral: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...201904584609793
British horses pulling a dummy tank near the front to fool German planes: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...520302887723008
Canadian soldiers having a meal outside their dugout: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...535375647506432

Eastern Front
Civil war raging in Russia; large numbers of officers have joined General Alexei Kaledin.

Southern Front
Austrians forced to abandon bridgehead in Zenson bend.
Austrians bomb Treviso, Vicenza, Castelfranco and Bassano.

Naval and Overseas Operations
North Sea: British 1917 Dutch convoys (1,031 ships) lose only 6 ships, but escorts lose 5 destroyers, 9 damaged, and 1 cruiser damaged in collision (520 lives lost).
Baltic: Russians have laid annual record of 13,418 mines.
Allied and neutral December shipping losses to U-boats: 160 ships (76 British, 520 lives lost) worth 382,060t (U-boat figure 411,766t including 148,331t in Mediterranean; 8 U-boats lost, only 2 in Mediterranean). 3,680 portable hydrophone sets now in British service.
Mozambique: ”Progress” reported in East Africa.

Political, etc
Russia: Bolshevik supporters in Petrograd march in the streets to celebrate the ongoing peace negotiations with the Central Powers.
Soviet Government issues a decree recognizing the independence of Finland. Finland declared independence from Russia on December 6th.
France: Elections postponed for duration. Stamp duty on purchases over 10 francs.
French artist Jules Arthur Joet’s painting an equestrian portrait of Field Marshal Douglas Haig, commander of the British Expeditionary Force: © IWM (Q 10195): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...505172426776577
United Kingdom: Lowest working days lost since April. Now 217,000 allotments in urban areas.
Lord Rhondda issues model rationing scheme. Sugar is also restricted to half a pound a week.
United States: (Listed for yesterday): U.S. Justice Department sets February 4 as the date when all German men of fighting age without US citizenship must register with the government and carry a special identification card.
Army strength 485,250; National Guard 416,031; National Army 480,000; Reserve 157,225.
Switzerland: Anglo-Turkish agreement for exchange of prisoners signed at Berne.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
German raids near Loos, Mericourt, Beaumont and on other portions of front fail.
German troops again advance at Cambrai against British lines, taking 450 prisoners.
Flanders: BEF strength 1,907,906 (1,192,668 on January 3, 1917). British 4th Tank Brigade formed.
Verdun: French repulse raid at Beaumont, and Chaume Wood flamethrower attack (January 12 and 13), make successful raid to southeast on January 16. Max von Gallwitz in command of Army Group for duration of war.
In January RFC No 19 Squadron first to receive Sopwith Dolphin high-altitude fighter, No 141 Squadron at Rochford, Essex gets and crashes one but used only as day fighter.
Britain: Total air defences have 376 aircraft, 469 anti-aircraft guns, 622 searchlights, 258 height-finders and 10 sound locators.

Eastern Front
German soldiers toasting the New Years. The sign reads, “Comrades in the East already drink for peace.” © IWM (Q 88021): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...900254300573696

Southern Front
The Royal Flying Corps (RFC) in Salonika is re-equipped with Royal Aircraft Factory SE5As, Bristol Monoplanes and Sopwith Camels to replace the Nieuport 27s previously operating in this theatre. This marked the beginning of British air supremacy on this Salonika front.
Austrians bomb Bassano, Treviso and Mestre (Venice).
Successful British raid across Piave river.
Austrians driven from Zenson.

Naval and Overseas Operations
H.M.S. Arbutus and Grive (small vessels) reported torpedoed.
Britain: Depth charge production up to 4,647 per month, escorts armed with 30-40 each, use 1,745 per month from June.
Germany: Now 21 German MTBs in service, 14 in Flanders.
Channel: Vice-Admiral Roger Keyes takes over Dover Patrol from Admiral Reginald Bacon.
Biscay: Acting on Room 40 intercepts, armed boarding steamer HMS Duke of Clarence captures Spanish ship Erro Berro (sinks in tow) before she transfers wolfram (ore-producing tungsten) to 2 U-boats which are ambushed unsuccessfully.
Mediterranean: 2 U-boat Flotillas formed, 1st at Pola, 2nd at Cattaro, 7-8 boats on operations in January, including coastal subamrines UB-49 and UB-48 together.
Baltic: Estimated 40,000 sailors have left Russian Fleet for home or interior land fighting.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Arab forces begin Actions for Et Tafile (see 28th).
British advance continues north of Jerusalem.

Political, etc
Austria-Hungary: In January door locks and latches being removed for metal.
Poster calling on the population to support arms production by delivering metal objects: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...cling.jpg?ssl=1
Germany: Kaiser Wilhelm in his New Year’s address: “Trusting in our righteous cause and in our strength, we face the year 1918 with firm confidence and iron will. Therefore, forward with God to fresh deeds and fresh victories!”
In January 2.3m exempted workers, half Field Army eligible.
During January Fokker wins first competition to find obsolescent Albatros fighter replacement.
Russia: Reported German peace term cause consternation in Russia and denounced as annexationist.
France: Inter-allied War Purchases Committee meets in Paris.
In January Seine freezes over for first time in 120 years.
Eastern France: Germans exact 92 million francs from Lille (until October 17).
United Kingdom: M. Litvinov appointed Bolshevik Plenipotentiary in London.
RFP 106%, up 10% during 1917. Sugar rationing (1/2 lb per person per week) plus compulsory
meatless day (two from January 25). Local lard rationing of 2 oz per person per week for 1.5 million people.
British government announces it will house the Air Board offices at the British Museum. This results in controversy and protests, as it would make the museum a military target.
India: Calcutta: All-India Moslem Association formed.
Turkey: 40,594 non-military 1918 deaths in capital (22,244 in 1914)
Belgium: M. Paul Hymans succeeds Baron de Broqueville as Belgian Minister for Foreign Affairs (see August 4th, 1917).

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
British repulse raid near La Bassee.

Eastern Front
Brest-Litovsk: All-Russian Board formed for organizing Red Army. Kaiser in Berlin discusses new Russian frontier with Paul von Hindenburg and Erich Ludendorff.

Southern Front
Austrians bomb Castelfranco, Veneto (west of Treviso); Italians claim they hit hospitals.

Political, etc
Germany: Erich Ludendorff and Carl Hoffmann (effective Eastern Front commander as CoS) part company over latter’s plan to retain only small part of Poland.
Russia: Central Committee of Soviets meets to receive reports of Peace pourparlers. German conditions denounced.
United Kingdom: An Order in Council defines the composition and duties of members of the Air Council and a separate Air Ministry is formed in London.
In January Royal Flying Corps stops enlisting American citizens.
King gives Haig his Field Marshal’s baton at Buckingham Palace, latter urges clear war aims be announced to BEF.
Canada: Newfoundland: Sir E. Morris, Prime Minister, resigns.
United States: U.S.: Statement showing result of American War Mission in Europe issued; urges speedy troop dispatch and merchant ship building; first 100 of 1,500 US farm tractors en route to France.
Outlook magazine article denounces anti-German hysteria especially forced flag kissing.
Stars and Stripes: In the US war loans are provided: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...ripes.jpg?ssl=1

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Allied air raids on Metz district.
South of Lens British line is advanced slightly.
Alsace: French repulse attack near Anspach with heavy loss.
South African ace Lieutenant Beauchamp-Proctor scores first of 54 victories.
A Bristol Fighter prepares for a mission on a wintry day: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...y-day.jpg?ssl=1
British soldiers marching through the destroyed village of Metz-en-Couture, France: © IWM (Q 8385): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...187165233643521
British soldiers practicing a pantomime of “Cinderella” at Bapaume: © IWM (Q 8378): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...247565094588417

Eastern Front
Brest-Litovsk: Ukrainian delegation arrives. Bolsheviks propose moving talks to Stockholm (Central Powers refuse on January 9).

Southern Front
Austrians bomb Treviso and Padua.
British and French troops in Italy successfully carry out raids across the Piave River, capturing Austro-Hungarian and German prisoners.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine: Royal Flying Corps bomb airfields at El Afule and Jenin (until January 4).

Political, etc
Russia: Sir J. Buchanan, British Ambassador in Petrograd, granted leave of absence (that is, recalled).
France: French novelist Georges Lecomte proposes that the French families should adopt American soldiers for the duration of the war to forge closer ties between the two nations.
United Kingdom: (Listed for yesterday): Edward Burnett Tylor, English anthropologist who founded the subfield of cultural anthropology, passed away: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...172051088658432
The first Air Council is formed and Harold Harmsworth, Lord Rothermere is appointed the first Secretary of State for the Air Force (re-titled Secretary of State for Air from March 1918). Hugh Trenchard first Chief of Air Staff.
Man-power Conference between Government and Trades Unions addressed by Sir A. Geddes.
British Labour Party proposes that the national minimum wage, democratic control of industry, reform of national finance, and use of surplus wealth for the common good be instituted after the war.
Spain: King Alfonso of Spain signs a decree dissolving the government. Elections will be held on February 24.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Further British air raid on Metz district.
British naval aircraft bomb Ghistelles aerodrome near Ghent.
Flanders: U-boat Flotilla has 29 boats (loses 24 subs in 1918).
A German U-boat is leaving the base: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...uboot.jpg?ssl=1

Southern Front
Austrians bomb Mestre, Bassano and Castelfranco.

Naval and Overseas Operations
British hospital ship Rewa sunk by submarine in Bristol Channel by U-55; 4 lives lost.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine: Edmund Allenby telegram insists on consolidation and capturing Jericho as EEF advances another mile north of Jerusalem.

Political, etc
United Kingdom: British Government in message to the King of the Hejaz declare intentions with regard to future status of Palestine; i. e. that Palestine must have special regime. (see December 17th, 1917 and February 4th, 1918).
Lloyd George warns of food shortages, stating Britain must feed itself. Lord Rhondda, British Food Controller, says that compulsory rationing is necessary: “You have only to tighten your belt.”
Canada: The first group of Canadian men chosen by the draft report for military service.
Japan: A girl selling artificial flowers in Tokyo for victims of storms and floods: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...884239017218050
Finland: Russian Bolshevik Government and French and Swedish Governments recognise the independence of Finland (see 10th and December 6th, 1917).
Netherlands: Allied request for handing over of Dutch ships in Allied ports formulated (see March 7th).

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Cambrai: A claims that strong German attacks on British positions east of Bullecourt repulsed; also two raids near Hollebeke.
However, another source says: On the Western Front, clear weather and frozen ground lead to resumptions of infantry attacks, with German troops capturing British lines east of Bullecourt.
Ypres: German raid repulsed.
British bomb Conflans station.
German stormtroopers undergo realistic training by advancing through a cloud of gas: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...uppen.jpg?ssl=1
Germany: 5 Navy airships (L-46, L-47, L-59, L-58 and SL-20) destroyed by explosions and fire at Ahlhorn (petrol fire under L-59 rear gondola likely, or possibly sabotage), 15 dead.
Men of the 15th Battalion, Royal Scots manning a Lewis gun in the trenches at Croisilles, France: © IWM (Q 10609): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...005049501552640

Eastern Front
Negotiations again suspended on Russian front.

Southern Front
Artillery activity from Asiago to Adriatic and aerial activity on whole front.
Italy: 74 Royal Flying Corps aircraft serviceable, later 1918 strength varies from 65 to 91.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine: Lt.-Col. R. Storrs made Governor of Jerusalem.
Aden: British make strong reconnaissance towards Hatum and Jabir and destroy the former.

Political, etc
France: Permits for U.S. soldiers in France to visit Paris are curtailed in the interests of “temperance and morality.”
United Kingdom: Mr. Lloyd George addresses Man-power Conference on War Aims. Envisages peace based on moral principle and League of Nations war alternative. No intention of molesting Turk homelands, Straits to be internationalized. (IOW, Turkey to be dismembered, despite claim of not ‘molesting’ Turkish homelands). The actual text is here: https://wwi.lib.byu.edu/index.php/P...tish_War_Aim s
Canada: Newfoundland: Mr. Lloyd forms new Cabinet.
Turkey: Turkey communicates peace terms to Russia.
Italy: (Listed for yesterday): The Pope protests the Central Powers’ bombing of Padua, Italy due to the loss of life and the damages caused to priceless works of art and architecture.
Finland: Germany also formally recognizes the independence of Finland from Russia. Then, Greece recognizes the independence of Finland from Russia, becoming the 5th government to do so.
Spain: Spain announces it has dismissed 1500 soldiers and officers from its Army for planning a coup.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
British troops recapture lines near Bullecourt taken by the Germans yesterday, but German troops capture French trenches on the Aisne and Verdun fronts.
British soldiers using a collapsed water tower at Riencourt as their billet: © IWM (Q 8392): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...352333720375297
German fighter ace Walter von Bülow-Bothkamp, who has 28 aerial victories, is killed in action near Ypres: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...625372320071680

Southern Front
Patrol actions between Brenta and Piave rivers.
Austro-Hungarian patrols active north of Costalunga.
Albania: Italians repulse large Austro-Hungarian detachments on Osum river.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Arabia: Arabs raid Hejaz railway south of Maan; Nasir’s 300 Arabs with 1 gun capture Jurf-ed-Derawish Station with over 200 Turks 30 miles north of Maan.
Turkish Arab cavalry on the march: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...b-cav.jpg?ssl=1

Political, etc
Austria-Hungary: Czech Prague Convention demands sovereign state.
Germany: German socialists denounce German government demands of territory from Soviet Russia. They instead urge no annexations and to uphold the principle of self-determination.
Russia: British agent Major Banting reports ‘On all sides German agents are appearing … buying up existing stocks’.
Lenin takes Finland holiday until January 11.
Finland: Independence of Finland recognized by France.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Cambrai: Germans raid British post near Flesquieres. Another raid near Ypres repulsed.
Meuse: French repulse German attempts at Bethincourt.
Britain: BEF GHQ Intelligence analysis ‘If Germany attacks and fails, she will be ruined.’
British soldiers enjoying coffee supplied by the YMCA near Ypres: © IWM (Q 8398): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...987752153636870

Eastern Front
Leon Trotsky and Russian peace delegates return to Brest-Litovsk and negotiations continue.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Channel: U-95 (Athalwin Prinz) rammed by sunk by steamer SS Breaneil after sinking 14 ships (37,930t) since mid-1917.
Mozambique: Main body Gold Coast Regiment (500 + 300 carriers) lands at Port Amelia. British column from Fort Johnston engages German-aligned force and drives it northwards.
German Askaris of the ‘Schutztruppe’. They have a wide mixture of uniforms and equipment: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...karis.jpg?ssl=1

Political, etc
Germany: German mathematician Georg Cantor, known for inventing set theory, passed away: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...670674553016323
King Ludwig of Bavaria at his birthday reception declares, “Not an inch of German territory will be give up.”
United Kingdom: Lord Reading appointed High Commissioner to U.S.
British War Office claims a total of 114,544 Central Powers prisoners and 781 artillery guns on all fronts were captured in 1917. In turn, 28,379 British soldiers and 166 artillery guns were captured by the Central Powers.
Italy: Italy calls on all men aged 18 to 44 previously exempted from the draft to present themselves for examination again in order to conscript more manpower.
Portugal: Naval mutiny in Lisbon arrested.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Cambrai: Strong German local attack near Bullecourt repulsed.
Woevre: French make successful raid on large scale near Seicheprey. Legion (141 casualties) brings back 188 PoWs, 16 MGs and 9 mortars.
Sir Douglas Haig's fourth dispatch published. This covers the Battles of Arras, ‘Lens’, Messines and Third Ypres in previous summer, makes the utterly fantastical claim of 131 German divisions defeated.
Philippe Pétain writes to Georges Clemenceau ‘In reality, the 1918 battle will be defensive…‘. He and Haig present strategy together on January 24 and 30, only choice until US arrives in strength.
British soldiers marching through the snow-covered ruins of Ypres: © IWM (Q 8413): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...371557842530305

Eastern Front
Brest-Litovsk: Talaat Pasha arrives to join talks.
German officers meeting with Soviet delegates at Brest-Litovsk to negotiate a peace treaty. The delegates, from right to left, are Leon Trotsky, Lev Karakhan, and Adolph Joffe. © IWM (Q 70777): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...078349749248000

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Persia: Qasr-i-Shirin occupied by British forces (see July 8th, 1917).

Political, etc
Russia: Russian Bolshevik Government withdraw demand for transfer to Stockholm and resume negotiations at Brest-Litovsk (see 5th and 22nd).
Australia: Mr. Billy Hughes and Nationalist Cabinet resign.
United States: President Wilson delivers Message to Congress laying down the "Fourteen Points" (see February 11th). Office of Public Information distributes all over Europe. French Parliament adopts it on January 11. The Fourteen Points are to be found herer: http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1324.html
Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924) attempted to invite the European nations into the League of Nations, but was no supported by the Congress, and was subsequently defeated in the 1920 elections: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...ilson.jpg?ssl=1
Mississippi becomes the first state to ratify the 18th amendment, which establishes prohibition of alcohol in the U.S.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Successful raid by Canadians south of Lens.
British soldiers trying to get a car out of a snow-filled ditch: © IWM (Q 8407): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...401750967734272

Eastern Front
Brest-Litovsk: Russo-German negotiations at Brest-Litovsk.
South Russia: White Volunteer Army manifesto by Lavr Kornilov and Mikhail Alexeiev pledges resistance to Reds and Germans.

Naval and Overseas Operations
H.M.S. Racoon founders in snowstorm off coast of Scotland: all hands lost.
North Sea: Royal Navy destroyers Opal and Narbrough wrecked on rocky Pentland Skerries off Scotland (12 resp 1 survivor from 180).
Western Mediterranean: Convoy escort sloop HMS Cyclamen sinks coastal submarine UB-69 with high-speed paravane off Bizerta.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
War Office announces further Arab activity on Hejaz railway.
Mozambique: Hawthorn’s 3 KAR battalions drive Göring Detachment (3 coys) to east bank of river Lugenda and take Luambala from it on January 15.
A light field gun of the German Schutztruppe fires: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...ruppe.jpg?ssl=1

Political, etc
Russia: Bolsheviks issue appeal for volunteers to march against "Bourgeoisie of the world".
United Kingdom: Beatty memo establishes new Grand Fleet strategy of containing Scheer in his bases rather than fighting at any cost (Cabinet approves on January 18).
Australia: Mr. Hughes forms new ministry.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Britain: Supreme War Council recommend BEF take over more of French sector, and creation of general Allied reserve (January 23). British War Office orders reduction in battalions per division from 12 to 9 thus disbanding 141 battalions and 2 cavalry divisions until March 10 to compensate for insufficient reinforcements (200,000 instead of 615,000 requested).
Somme: British Fifth Army relieves French in St Quentin sector (completed January 14).
Ypres: British trench raid takes prisoners and captures 2 machine guns.
Ammunition depot near Courtrai bombed.
British recruiting poster with the perished popular Secretary of War Kitchener: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...t-you.jpg?ssl=1
(Listed for yesterday): German ace Max Ritter von Müller, who is credited with 36 victories and is the highest scoring Bavarian pilot, is killed in action over Belgium: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...764148161380352

Eastern Front
Brest-Litovsk: Central Powers and Bolsheviks recognize the Ukraine as separate state; latter to be represented at negotiations.
Don: Independent Republic declared under General Alexei Kaledin.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
General Stanley Maude's dispatch of 15 October 1917 issued.

Political, etc
United Kingdom: (Listed for yesterday): The British Air Board abandons plans to move its offices to the British Museum due to logistical difficulties and public protests that the move would make the museum a military target.
British Government assure Russian Bolshevik Government of their support in the creation of an independent Poland (see April 5th, 1917 and February 20th, 1918).
Board of Admiralty reconstituted, with Sir Eric Geddes as First Lord and Sir Rosslyn Wemyss as First Sea Lord.
House of Lords adopts Women's Suffrage clause.
Arthur Balfour’s Edinburgh speech: ‘the horrors of war… are nothing to... a German peace’,
Australia: Conscription Referendum: majority against - 165,000.
Italy: Italy bans the making and sale of cakes, pastry, and confectionery as a measure to conserve food supplies.
Romania: After request on January 6, 3 Romanian divisions cross river Pruth into Bessarabia, enter capital Kishinev on January 26.
United States: (Listed for yesterday): U.S. Cavalry engage with Yaquis warriors in the Battle of Bear Valley in Arizona, resulting in 1 Yaquis death and 9 captured. It is the last armed engagement between the US Army and Native Americans.
US War Cabinet at a meeting today: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...779251653070849
Finland: Danish and Norwegian Governments recognize the independence of Finland (see 4th).
Guyana: Arthur Chung (the 1st President of Guyana and first ethnic Chinese to become head of state in a non-Asian country) is born in Guyana.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Always those interesting little tidbits ... like Arthur Chung ... and the recognition of Finland by Denmark and Norway. This series is priceless. Thanks for all your work on it GG!

Western Front
French raids in Argonne, Vosges and Champagne, German one fails south of Anmentieres.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Mozambique: Three columns of British troops pursuing Germans.

Political, etc
Russia: SOVNARKOM (Council of People's Commissars) orders all interest and dividend payments to cease.
France: Waiting for heating coal in Rue du Faubourg Saint-Denis in Paris: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...lange.jpg?ssl=1
United States: U.S. Labor supports War Aims declarations.
The 19th Amendment to the US Constitution, which gives women the right to vote, passes the House of Representatives with the required two-thirds majority by a margin of 1 vote.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Northern France: British make successful raid at Loos and disperse four German raids south of Lens and east of Monchy.
Meuse: French repel flame attack on Chaume Wood.
The 1st Battalion of the Russian Legion in France, made up of members of the former Russian Expeditionary Force, head to the trenches of the Western Front.
British soldiers walking through the waterlogged fields near Ypres: © IWM (Q 8429): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...521717851250694

Eastern Front
Brest-Litovsk: (Listed for yesterday): Soviet Russia agrees to extend its armistice with the Central Powers for another month to negotiate a peace treaty at Brest-Litovsk.
(For today): Russo-German Peace Conference adjourns.

Southern Front
(Listed for yesterday): On the Italian front, German troops are forced to retreat from the area between the Piave and Brenta rivers due to heavy Italian artillery fire.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Pacific: First of three Japanese warships arrives at Vladivostok (Royal Navy cruiser Suffolk from Hong Kong on January 14) to ‘protect’ 600,000t of Allied supplies.
Couple of different sources claim that today, not 9 January is the date of the wrecking of British destroyers HMS Narborough and HMS Opal.
Mozambique: British column disembarks at Port Amelia, in what was then Portuguese East Africa.

Political, etc
Russia: Romanian Minister in Petrograd arrested by Bolsheviks.
Latvia: Latvia declares independence (see November 11th).
France: French War Department takes over all postal and telegraph services in the country.
United Kingdom: Officers pay put up to 10s 6d pd plus child allowances. Workers loot closed food shops in Leytonstone and Wembley.
An explosion occurs in the coal mine of Minnie Pit at Halmer End, England, resulting in 155 deaths: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...778359691837440
United States: (Listed for yesterday): US factories making corsets and covers for automobiles and carriages are ordered by the government to manufacture powder bags. This is the first time in the US during the war where factories are ordered to change production for war goods.
Employment Service organizes women’s division.
US Army institutes DSC (Distinguished Service Cross) and DSM (Distinguished Service Medal) decorations.
Read more at https://ww2-weapons.com/diary-janua...yf7ZcHL2vTzR.99 Medal of honor for the mothers of American soldiers: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...medal.jpg?ssl=1

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.