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  #811  
Old 03-17-2018, 09:52 AM
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17 March 1918

Western Front
Big German trench raid north-east of Verdun, taking 200 French prisoners.
French troops raid German lines at Malancourt on a front of 1400 meters to a depth of 800 meters.
[note: I have to wonder if this is a repeat of the raids yesterday, or there exchanges of raids two days in a row. The report of prisoners taken inclines me to the former]
Daylight air-raid by British on Kaiserslautern (Pfalz), hitting the barrack and railway station.
Britain: Two German deserters tell BEF XVIII Corps to expect 6-hour barrage, but no date.
German 10.5 cm light field howitzers 16 at the acceptance by the army administration: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...itzen.jpg?ssl=1
British and French troops conversing near Barisis, France: © IWM (Q 8565): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...686732925861889

Eastern Front
Ukraine
: Robert Kosch’s German LII Corps (from Dobruja) occupies Nikolayev, hold all west of Dnieper including Kherson (March 20), advance continues (until March 29).

Naval and Overseas Operations
Black Sea
: German occupation of Nikolayev gains ships building including 1 battleship, 3 cruisers, 4 destroyers, 2 gunboats and 3 submarines.

Political, etc
Ireland
: In Belfast, the military is called out to quell riots that broke out last night between Sinn Féin members and police.
United States: White House announces it will cancel its annual egg rolling for Easter to conserve food. Other groups in the U.S. also urge people to observe an eggless Easter.
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  #812  
Old 03-17-2018, 03:33 PM
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  #813  
Old 03-18-2018, 01:35 AM
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Enjoyed reading Truman's letter to Bess, jseal. Thanks. Nice to see the humanity of people in the news ... not the scripted and rehearsed style we usually think of when celebrities say anything in public.

Thanks.
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  #814  
Old 03-18-2018, 11:23 AM
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Nice bit of usually-overlooked history, jseal. Thanks.
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  #815  
Old 03-18-2018, 11:26 AM
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18 March 1918

Western Front
Germany
: Paul von Hindenburg and Erich von Ludendorff moved forward HQ from Spa to Avesnes.
Britain: British and Portuguese trench raids. Winston Churchill visits front until March 22.
Yser: Belgians (1,800 casualties) “repulse heavy local attacks” at three points and one east of Nieuport (March 30).
Hindenburg and Ludendorff at the map table: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...dorff.jpg?ssl=1
Daylight air-raid by British on Mannheim.
Air ‘Battle of Le Cateau’: Richthofen leads 30 fighters (among up to 50 German) vs 29 Royal Flying Corps aircraft, destroying 9 for 1 Albatros fighter. Germans claim total of 28 Allied aircraft for loss of 7.
British sentry near Peronne standing next to a bust wearing a helmet and having a smoke: © IWM (Q 9979): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...049876227723265
American troops preparing for an assault near Badonviller. Their bags are filled with hand grenades: © IWM (Q 61343): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...110525204946944
British soldier using a Lewis Machine gun tied to a wheel as an anti-aircraft gun: © IWM (Q 10749): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...334767444013056

Eastern Front
Czech Legion begins rail journey east but stopped at Penza by Soviet troops on March 22.

Political, etc
Publication of manifesto by Premiers and Foreign Ministers of Entente regarding Germany's policy towards Russia and Romania; they refuse to recognize the peace treaties. (see 3rd and 14th).
United States: Short comedy film “The Bell Boy,” starring Buster Keaton and Fatty Arbuckle, is released: https://archive.org/details/bellboy
Poland: (Special, 1921): The Polish–Soviet War, which determined the borders between the Republic of Poland and Soviet Russia, formally concluded with the signing of the Peace of Riga.
Netherlands: Dutch Government accept with reservations the Allied terms for use of Dutch shipping in United States and Entente ports (see 7th and 21st). Allies repeat it on March 19 and US Navy seizes 40 Dutch ships in her ports (March 20, full compensation to be given; 3000 sailors repatriated in July). Britain does likewise on March 21.
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  #816  
Old 03-19-2018, 12:13 AM
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Enjoyed the Fatty Arbuckle short filmstrip. Don't remember the last time I saw an old movie with him (and Buster Keaton) in it. Thanks. A real treat.
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  #817  
Old 03-19-2018, 09:59 AM
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19 March 1918

Western Front
German raids in Champagne and on Meuse.
German gunners pull field guns for the upcoming offensive in their positions: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...uetze.jpg?ssl=1
Somme: General Gough writes home predicting German offensive on Thursday, March 21. Germans issued with special gasmask filters, 20 anti-tank bullets, and grenades.
British pre-emptive gas bombardment near St Quentin: 5,649 projectors fire 85t phosgene; 1,100 gassed (250 deaths).
Royal Garrison Officer at Monchy-le-Preux with the battery’s goat mascot: © IWM (Q 10744): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...455565265690624

Eastern Front
Ukraine
: Germans still advancing in Ukraine.

Naval and Overseas Operations
North Sea
: Harwich Force (Captain St John vice Tyrwhitt on leave) with 3 French destroyers from Dunkirk tows 6 barges with seaplanes to make dawn reconnaissance mission off Terschelling island, shooting down 1 German seaplane (repeated on March 21).
Adriatic: Austro-Hungarian ship SS Linz hits a mine and sinks, resulting in 697 deaths, including 283 Italian POWs: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...682058042388480
Damage to the Australian ship SS Boorara after it was torpedoed by a German submarine: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...682058621210624

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine
: Small British advance in coastal sector of Palestine.

Political, etc
United Kingdom
: Debate in House of Lords on resolution approving principle of League of Nations, with Lord Landsdowne stating it was the only guarantee of future peace. The debate is adjourned.
United States: Daylight Saving Act for 31 May-27 October.
Netherlands: Allies demand unconditional acceptance of their demands by Dutch.
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  #818  
Old 03-20-2018, 04:19 AM
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20 March 1918

Western Front
“Repulse” of “strong German local attacks” in Champagne, near Verdun, in the Woevre, and in Lorraine.
Germany: Final council of war on Operation Michael at German GHQ Avesnes. Record (so far) 190 German divisions in theatre.
Iron Cross markings ordered changed to Balkenkreuze (Greek Cross) as from April 15.
On this Fokker Dr.I Triplanes the new ‘Balkenkreuz’ is visible on the top of the wings: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...start.jpg?ssl=1
Britain: Hugh Trenchard tenders resignation but retained till April 15.
Western Front: French capture German observation balloon with (bogus) documents revealing Roland offensive for March 26 in Champagne.
German soldiers gathering at St. Quentin, France before the Spring Offensive on the Western Front: © IWM (Q 55480): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...802863518736385

Naval and Overseas Operations
Allied Blockade Committee formed.
Eastern Mediterranean: Allied convoy loses 4 ships to U-boat north of Alexandria, warning of its presence not received.

Political, etc
Germany
: Reichstag debates Army seizure of Daimler (Stuttgart).
United Kingdom: Sir E. Geddes, speaking in House of Commons, gives figures relating to submarine warfare and shipbuilding (world shipping tonnage fell 8% in 1917, Britain’s by 20%), and announces that Lord Pirrie is to be Controller-General of Merchant Shipbuilding, soon improves repair procedure for damaged ships.
Mr. A. Henderson declares that Labour cannot accept peace of Brest-Litovsk.
COAL, GAS AND ELECTRICITY RATIONING INTRODUCED; theatres to close at 10.30pm, restaurants at 10pm.
Romania: M. Alexandru Marghiloman, Romanian Prime Minister.
United States: Dutch ships in ports of the U.S. seized by Government.
Christening of the Ferris-type wooden boat at Harrison, New Jersey. Large wooden boats capable of trans-Atlantic travel were constructed due to steel shortages: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...742465662771202
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  #819  
Old 03-21-2018, 10:49 AM
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21 March 1918

Western Front
The storm breaks: the Kaiserschlacht, the series of German offensives on the Western Front begins with Unternehmen Michael. The entire series is often referred to by the British as Operation Michael, with Michael itself (until April 5) often referred to as the Second Battle of the Somme. And occasionally, this is further broken down and the beginning (until March 23) is referred to as Battle of St Quentin.
The German offensive on the Western Front (Operation Michael) opens with a massive assault against British forces in Picardy by 56 German Army Divisions, on 50-mile front between Sensee and Oise rivers. The offensive achieves a number of spectacular early successes, shattering the British defensive line.
German main attack against British Fifth Army (Hubert Gough) on 42-mile southern sector from Gouzeaucourt to Barisis, south of La Fere.
German Northern attack on British Third Army (Julian Byng) by 25 divisions of Seventeenth (Otto von Below) and Second (Georg von der Marwitz) Armies.
5 hour German bombardment by record 6,473 guns and 3,532 mortars on 43-mile front vs 2,500 British begins at 0440 hours, shelling 20 miles behind, causing up to 7,500-8,000 casualties. Lavish use of Blue and Green Cross gas shells is expected to paralyze British artillery (2 million gas shells expended by April 6). German stormtroopers attack in dense mist at various points between 0700 and 0930 hours and advance up to 4 1/2 miles; meet fierce battle zone resistance. Germans advance to Crozat Canal southwest of St Quentin. First of Gough’s reserve divisions in evening action. First 9 German tanks in action.
The German A7V tank makes its debut in the offensive, with 9 tanks deployed, but 3 break down before seeing combat. A7V tank at Roye: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...455921462333440
On Michael sector of attack 720 German aircraft (326 fighters) vs 579 Royal Flying Corps (261 fighters) in 31 squadrons. Udet designated commander Jasta 11 succeeding Lothar von Richthofen. Total German front line strength 3,668 aircraft. Fog hinders early air operations but 36 RFC squadrons see action by end of day losing 16 planes for 14 claimed crashed kills (Germans admit 11 loss and claim 21 Allied planes). British lose 3 observation balloons. 27 German Schlachtstaffeln (168 ground-attacker planes) attack British Third and Fifth Armies.
During the initial stages of the offensive, the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) is instrumental in gathering intelligence about the timing and composition of the attack and on the first day of the offensive, 250 British aircraft from 27 squadrons strafe and bomb the advancing German Army, disrupting its operations and damaging enemy morale. 50 aircraft are lost overall.
British battle positions penetrated at various points, especially near St. Quentin. The German advance forces 17 Royal Flying Corps Squadrons to evacuate airfields that are in danger of being overrun.
For 39,929 casualties Germans inflict 38,512 casualties (including 21,000 PoWs), take 532 guns, 46 ruined villages and 98.5 square miles of ground more than Allied 1916 Somme offensive in 141 days.
British defenders watch the advancing Germans appear through the mist on the first day of the Michael-Offensive. Fog aided the German attackers: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...nsive.jpg?ssl=1
Artois: British gas attack at Lens: 3,728 projectors fire 57t phosgene; 700 gassed (150 deaths).
Champagne: German diversionary attack between Maisons de Champagne and Navarin; hand-to-hand fighting in French forward trenches. Mustard gas attack on US 42nd Division.
General Pershing, Commander of the US Expeditionary Force in France, addressing his troops at Condrecourt: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...181625548623873

Naval and Overseas Operations
Destroyer action in North Sea between Allied and German flotillas (see October 17th, 1914).
Dunkirk bombarded by German destroyers, Ostend by British monitors; two destroyer actions, two German vessels (torpedo boats A 7 & A 10) sunk.
Mozambique: Official report of fighting 22 February 1918 at Msalu (Portuguese East Africa) and of occupation of Nampula by column from Mozambique.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine
: Passage of the Jordan by British forces (21st/23rd).

Political, etc
Germany
: Kaiser Wilhelm: “We are at the decisive moment of the war, and one of the greatest moments in German history.”
United Kingdom: Miners under age 25 lose military service exemption (to recruit 50,000).
Romania: M. Constantine Arian appointed Romanian Foreign Minister (see 12th and November 8th).
United States: Railroad Control Act gives Federal control until 21 months after peace ratification.
Netherlands: Dutch shipping question to the fore.
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  #820  
Old 03-22-2018, 04:34 AM
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22 March 1918

Unternehmen Michael, Second Battle of the Somme, Battle of St Quentin: Germans generally held on northern part of battle-front, but British defenses broken through west of St. Quentin, and troops here and in adjoining sectors retreat hastily. Germans claim 16,000 prisoners and 200 guns. Masses of infantry advance; Germans ‘leapfrog’ fresh divisions through tired troops. British slowly pushed back, 25 tanks (16 lost) and 19th Division counter-attack well at Beugny. Germans capture Epehy and Roisel, cross Crozat Canal and reach Vaux. 2nd of Gough’s reserve divisors enters battle after midnight. Gough decides to fall back on positions east of Somme.
British soldiers gather at a plug-in tank. The German spring offensive hits the Allied front with unexpected power: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...-tank.jpg?ssl=1
17 Royal Flying Corps squadrons move bases back; operations almost all ground attack (RFC lose 30 to German 11). RFC night bombers destroy 2 ammo dumps.
A wounded captured British soldier being treated by German troops: © IWM (Q 88060): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...486124385390592

Eastern Front
Finish Civil War
: Finnish White Troops launch an expedition to annex Karelia from Soviet Russia.

Naval and Overseas Operations
North Sea
: British minesweeping sloop Gaillardia (68 lives lost) mined and sunk due to too shallow-laid Northern Barrage mines. Laying not resumed until April 20. Destroyer HMS Kale mined and sunk (March 27).

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine
: British cross Jordan and advance eastward. First Trans-Jordan ‘Raid’: Shea’s Force (85 casualties) cross swollen river at Hijla against 1,000 Turks with 6 guns for raid on Amman.

Political, etc
Netherlands
: Dutch Government informed that Allies have decided to seize Dutch ships in their ports.
Spain: New Spanish Cabinet under Senores Maura and Dato.
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  #821  
Old 03-23-2018, 09:23 AM
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23 March 1918

Western Front
Paris first shelled by long-range gun (from Crépy-en-Valois, 75 miles distant) (see August 15th). Note: this gun, for some abysmally stupid reason sometimes referred to as “Big Bertha” was one mount, with several replacement barrels. It was a special 8.26in Krupp design. The first bombardment, lasting until May 1, consists of 183 shells. Overall, the daily shelling of Paris continues until August 9), for a total of 303 rounds fired, with 23 shots at range of 74 miles (256 killed, 620 wounded).
Unternehmen Michael. Second Battle of the Somme. Battle of St Quentin: Battle of St Quentin phase ends. Germans take Monchy-le-Preux, cross Tortille river. British lose line of Crozat Canal: Gough decides to continue retreat to western bank of the Somme. Germans enter Ham and Peronne (evacuated) and pursue to there; some bridges lost more or less intact. French infantry (5 divisions ordered) begin to arrive by lorry to take over front south of Peronne, 1 regiment in action. Byng’s Third Army abandons Flesquieres (Cambrai) Salient.
A British tank Mark IV (female) in the ruined streets of Peronne, shortly before evacuation: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...ronne.jpg?ssl=1
French refugees leaving the commune of Ham in order to escape the German Spring Offensive: © IWM (Q 10828): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...818313245462529
A wounded British soldier at Peronne after fighting the Germans at St. Quentin: © IWM (Q 10779): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...864864168759297
U.S. Marine receiving first aid in a trench in the Toulon Sector, France: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...879964447526914
German forces claim the capture of 25,000 British prisoners, 400 artillery guns, and 300 machine guns so far in its offensive: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...151747700510721
British soldiers setting up an improvised barrier in Peronne as defenses against the German offensive: © IWM (Q 11568): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...181956847865857
British air-raid on Konz (near Treves) by night.
French fighters reinforce Royal Flying Corps (38 planes lost including 6 in Flanders; Germans claim 29 Allied aircraft for loss of 14) between the Oise and Somme (until March 24) who claim 36 German aircraft as weather improves.

Naval and Overseas Operations
North Sea
: 4 British echo-ranging East Coast stations accurately fix Dover Patrol monitors bombarding Zeebrugge.
Dardanelles: British destroyer HMS Arno sunk in collision.
Western Mediterranean: Italian minelayer Partenope sunk by UC-67 off Tunisia after firing her last shell.

Political, etc
Germany
: Russian and Romanian treaties adopted by Reichstag.
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  #822  
Old 03-24-2018, 10:05 AM
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24 March 1918

Western Front
Unternehmen Michael/Second Battle of the Somme: First Battle of Bapaume
phase (24th/25th): Bapaume and Péronne taken by German forces (see March 17th and 18th, 1917 and August 29th and September 1st, 1918). Germans also cross Somme between Peronne and Ham, and take Nesle and Peronne, and further south capture Guiscard and Chauny. They now claim 30,000 prisoners and 600 guns. Germans destroy 500-strong South African Brigade.
Separation of BEF and French Armies threatened. A shaken Petain orders Fayolle above all to keep ‘the solid connection of the French armies and then, if possible, to preserve contact with the British Forces’. At 2300 hours Petain visits Haig and refuses further reserves as he expects main German blow in Champagne at any moment. Haig enquires if he means to abandon BEF right flank and allow Germans to penetrate; Petain nods assent. Haig cables War Office for Wilson and War Minister Milner to come to France at once, emphasizing ‘unless General Foch or some other determined general is given supreme command of the operations … there will be a disaster’.
Petain, the hero of Verdun, inspects a new barbed wire assembly: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...draht.jpg?ssl=1
German artillery pulled by horses towards the front to support the ongoing offensive: © IWM (Q 29951): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...212163352875009
British Mark IV Tank in the streets of Peronne: © IWM (Q 10832): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...242353571454978
British 3rd Cavalry Division going towards the front to meet the German offensive: © IWM (Q 10790): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...544333858607104
Waves of 20-80 French bombers intervene in BEF’s Somme battle, Group Fequant from Soissons and Fareen-Tardenois, with Group Manard from Chalons (March 25), effort especially against German convoys continues (March 26-29). Captain J L Trollope in Sopwith Camel of No 43 Squadron Royal Fling Corps scores 6 victories. Royal Flying Corps lose 65 aircraft to claim of 42 German (17 in Flanders). German claim is 35 Allied for 14 lost. Germans night bomb Albert and Amiens (10 hours interruption to rail traffic).
Germany: British airplanes raid Mannheim by day and Cologne by night, the latter by Handley Page bombers (first raid on Cologne since 1914 (night March 24-25)).
A photograph of the massive “Paris Gun, used to bombard Paris from a distance of 75 miles: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...257455011942400

Southern Front
Italy
: 3 French divisions recalled to Western Front (until March 26); Corsican Graziani replaces Maistre as C-in-C.

Naval and Overseas Operations
India
: Northwest Frontier: A British air raid drops 3 bombs, killing 14 armed tribesmen at Marri district capital (submits April 19).

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine
: British advance nine miles towards Es Salt (Jordan); British 60th Division captures El Haud Hill with 3 guns. There are now 9,600 British soldiers with 82 guns vs 5,500 (maximum) Turks and Germans with c.26 guns. Eight RFC aircraft bomb Amman.

Political, etc
Germany
: Germany recognizes the independence of Lithuania, declared on February 16, but very little changes as the country remains occupied by Germany.
United States: Scottish-American magician William E. Robinson (stage name Chung Ling Soo) dies after failing to do the “bullet catch” magic trick: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...514134282670080
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  #823  
Old 03-25-2018, 11:11 AM
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25 March 1918

Western Front
Unternehmen Michael/Second Battle of the Somme: Battle of Noyon
phase. Noyon taken by German forces (see March 18th, 1917 and August 29th, 1918). Germans carry Bapaume in night attack; subsequently their advance, though less rapid than on previous two days, continues on whole front from Ervillers (north of Bapaume) to the Oise. Germans claim 45,000 prisoners since beginning of attack.
General Emile Fayolle takes command south of Somme; 7 French infantry divisions and 1 cavalry division now engaged. Germans oust Third Army from Bapaume. Noyon falls to night assault despite British 18th Division counter-attack. Gaps opening between BEF and French armies and between British XIX Corps (Herbert Watts) and XVIII Corps (Ivor Maxse). Crisis of the battle: Hubert Gough summons his chief engineer Major-General Peter Grant and directs him to form scratch force (Constantine Carey’s Force until April 2) of 3,000 men with 92 MGs including 500 US rail engineers and hold line east of Amiens. John Pershing offers Philippe Petain 4 US divisions at 2200 hours; 2 relieve French divisions in quiet sectors. Haig, Wilson and Weygand meet at Abbeville.
An improvised battle group of French and British soldiers occupy a hastily prepared defensive position: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...igung.jpg?ssl=1
Thick smoke rises up as British troops burn stores and hutments at Omiecourt during their retreat from the German offensive: © IWM (Q 10796): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...621257867980801
German officers cooking their meal in a trench at Roye: © IWM (Q 55244): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...845058505494528
Over 100 Royal Flying Corps aircraft ground attack to support BEF Third Army.
British pilot Captain John Lightfoot Trollope is credited with shooting down 7 German aircraft in a single day, the first British pilot to do so.

Eastern Front
Finish Civil War
: Carl Mannerheim attacks Tampere (until March 28) against bitter resistance. Karelian Finn ski troops raid into Russia and cut railway to Petrograd (until March 26). Last Red attack on Ahvola (Karelia) just fails on March 26.

Naval and Overseas Operations
A view of the Italian minelayer Partenope, torpedoed and sunk two days ago by the German submarine UC-67 north of Tunisia: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...574536546865152

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine
: British take Es Salt.
Mesopotamia: RFC Commander Colonel Tennant shot down and captured in DH4 at Khan Baghdadi by Euphrates (8 armored cars rescue him on March 28). RFC air liaison essential in British Khan Baghdadi victory, also make 32 ground attacks dropping 6,344lb of bombs (March 26-27).

Political, etc
Belarus
: The Belarusian People’s Republic declares its independence from Russia in Minsk.
France: French composer Claude Debussy, associated with Impressionist music, passed away: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...876515449864192
United Kingdom: War Cabinet discuss possibility of BEF retreat to Channel ports.
Japan: Sino-Japanese Agreement to resist hostile influences.
United States: Mexican rebels cross the Texas border and raid a ranch, killing two. This is the last major attack by Mexican rebels on U.S. soil.
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  #824  
Old 03-26-2018, 10:41 AM
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26 March 1918

Western Front
Unternehmen Michael/Second Battle of the Somme
: Albert and Bray taken by German forces (see March 17th, 1917 and August 22nd and 27th, 1918). British make stand north of Somme on line Roeux-Ayette-Beaumont Hamel-Albert-Bray, Very heavy fighting south of Somme; Germans capture Lihons, Chaulnes, Roye and Noyon.
British Whippet light tanks first time in action: 12 rout 2 German battalions, helping ANZAC troops to plug Hebuterne-Collincamps gap in Third Army front after 22-mile retreat in 5 days.
The Whippet tanks of the 3rd Battalion Tank Corps move up first time into action near Maillet Mailly on this day: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...nsatz.jpg?ssl=1
DOULLENS CONFERENCE: between Georges Clemenceau, Alfred, Lord Milner, Douglas Haig, Philippe Petain and Ferdinand Foch (all but Haig met at Compiegne at 1700 hours on March 25). "Doullens Agreement" concluded. At Haig’s proposal FOCH APPOINTED TO CO-ORDINATE ALLIED MOVEMENTS (President Wilson approves on March 29) (see April 14th). [Note: Although labeled “Haig’s” proposal, this was a face-saving formality; the French had been pressing for this decision since before the American involvement, with confusion only about whom should be appointed. The British strongly resisted, and only reluctantly agreed in the face of nearly overwhelming disaster, and in fact, continued for the rest of the war to undercut Foch’s decisions when they perceived such decisions would lead to more British disasters].
Germany claims 45,000 British prisoners captured since the start of the offensive.
The ruins of Albert Cathedral, damaged by German (?) shelling: © IWM (Q 37367): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...0194176/photo/1
Foch immediately switches Marie-Eugène Debeney’s First French Army from St Mihiel sector towards Amiens and asks both Haig and Petain to maintain a united front. Petain makes a pessimistic report on his plans to fortify and defend Amiens 20 miles behind front. Foch retorts: ‘We must fight in front of Amiens. We must stop where we are now. As we have not been able to stop the Germans on the Somme, we must not retire a single centimeter!’
British and French military and government leaders meet in Doullens France to coordinate the war effort, and both governments agree General Ferdinand Foch should be appointed “commander-in-chief” of the Allied forces: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...6607106/photo/1
British Third Army uses 27 of its 34 Royal Flying Corps squadrons or over 250 aircraft for close support, total 29t (c.1437) bombs and 228,000 rounds by formations of up to 60 aircraft. RFC lose 50 planes (Germans claim 12 for loss of 5) for 10 German claimed. Both sides night bomb. RFC drop record of 1,326 bombs.
A wounded British soldier is carried past defensive positions manned by French soldiers near Roye: © IWM (Q 10824): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...0209025/photo/1
German artillery moving forward near Bapaume: © IWM (Q 51465): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...5424005/photo/1
A French cavalry patrol near the Amiens-Roye Road during the German offensive: © IWM (Q 10826): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...3731329/photo/1

Naval and Overseas Operations
St George’s Channel: Royal Navy PC-51 depth charges and sinks U-61, sinker of 36 ships (90,770t) since 1916.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine
: British cavalry advancing towards Amman (east of Jordan).
Mesopotamia: Action of Khan Baghdadi (26th/27th). British carry Turkish positions on Euphrates and claim 3,000 prisoners. A further source claims: H. T. Brooking’s c.11,000 men, 48 guns, 16 planes, 13 armored cars and 300 Ford vans storm 2 Turk trench lines and cut Aleppo road trapping 5,254 PoWs (including Nazim Bey, commander 50th Division), 12 guns and 47 MGs for 159 casualties.

Political, etc
United Kingdom
: Churchill cables all factories for increased output and Easter holidays’ deferment (over 1,500 firms do); assures War Cabinet 2,000 guns ready for BEF by April 6. Light, Heating and Power Order, no lighting in public places after 10.30pm.
Japan: Prime Minister of Japan says gravity of situation in Siberia may shortly compel action.
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Old 03-27-2018, 04:24 AM
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gekkogecko gekkogecko is offline
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27 March 1918

Western Front
Unternehmen Michael/Second Battle of the Somme: Battle of Rosières
phase (26th/27th). Germans advance on both side of Somme in night attack, reaching Sailly le Sec (12 miles from Amiens), but lose ground in British counter-attacks. Germans afterwards fail in attacks from Bucquoy to Rosieres and are checked near Lassigny and Noyon, but take Montdidier after rapid advance (see August 10th).
British XIX Corps takes 800 PoWs and holds firm by the Somme. In Allied center Germans capture Proyart, Morcourt and Lamotte-Warfusee and are 12 miles East of Amiens. Still a 10-mile gap between the British and French armies. Foch orders ‘lose not another meter of ground!’ Dismounted cavalry halt key German thrust 11 miles east of Amiens as 3rd Australian Division (Monash) comes up.
BEF weekly officer casualties record 6,325 since March 21. Turning point in great offensive (by Crown Prince Rupprecht).
Assault of German infantry in the west: https://ww2-weapons.com/diary-march...angriff-de-inf/
The Victoria Cross is posthumously awarded to 2nd Lieutenant A.A. McLeod of No.2 Squadron, Royal Flying Corps. At 19 years old, he is the youngest airman to receive this award during the First World War, for action during a bombing mission over Bray-sur-Somme in France and for saving the life of his observer, Lieutenant A.W. Hammond, after being shot down in an Armstrong Whitworth FK8 (B5773).
JG 1 shoots down 13 Royal Flying Corps (RFC) planes (39 lost in all) over Albert (3 to Richthofen) without loss. Schlachtstaffeln attack 4 villages on Somme and Ancre. RFC drops record of 50t bombs and fires 313,345 MG rounds. On whole front Germans admit 6 losses for 34 Allied victims.
Map showing extend of German gains in the offensive. Perpendicular lines are today’s gains, diagonal is the previous day’s, and the bold line is the German positions on the 21st: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...347142413737984

Naval and Overseas Operations
North Sea
: British destroyer HMS Kale, as reported several days ago in connection with other operations, sunk by mine.
5 minelaying British destroyers sink 3 German armed trawlers (72 PoWs) 70 miles northwest of Heligoland Bight.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine
: Allenby warned to stay on defensive and spare troops for France (9 Yeo regiments on March 26). Anzac Mounted Division attacks and temporarily isolates Amman, but second attack fails on March 28 as Turkish Fourth Army C-in-C Djemal Kuchuk takes over German-stiffened defense.
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