Western Front
Germany: ERICH von FALKENHAYN (German CoS) DISMISSED BY KAISER, REPLACED BY FM PAUL von HINDENBURG WITH GENERAL ERICH LUDENDORFF (1st QMG) AS HIS ASSISTANT.
Battle of the Somme: Since July 1, British have taken 15,469 PoWs, 86 guns and 160 MGs.
French soldier using a rifle with a periscopic attachment at Pont-Arcy:
http://imgur.com/6cnxmAz © IWM (Q 45927)
Ruins of the French village of Tracy-le-Val:
http://imgur.com/8NpSQ5S © IWM (Q 78219)
Eastern Front
Germany: PAUL von HINDENBURG CHIEF OF STAFF, ERICH LUDENDORFF FIRST QMG (GHQ at Pless until February 1917).
Transylvania: Rumanians occupy evacuated Kronstadt, Petrosani, Brasov, and Kezdiasarhely (see 28th, and October 7th).
On the borders of Bukovina, Romanian and Russian troops join forces to strike at Austria-Hungary.
Russians capture Mount Pantyr (north-west of Jablonica Pass, Carpathians).
Naval and Overseas Operations
East Africa: Iringa taken by British forces (760 Germans evacuate on August 27) in Southern Highlands, 250 miles marched since May 25. Hannyngton’s 2nd East African Brigade (1st Division) crosses river Msumbisi in heavy rain.
Political, etc.
France: President Poincare of France congratulates Romania and Italy for declaring war on Germany and Austria-Hungary.
Turkey: Sipahsalar A'zam, Persian Prime Minister, resigns, and is succeeded by Vossuq ed Douleh, who also acts as Foreign Minister (see March 6th, 1916, and May 29th, 1917).
United States: Army and Navy Appropriation Acts authorize $580 million spending and create Council of National Defense. Marine Corps Reserve created and USMC increased to 15,578 men.
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